摘要
目的:了解城乡居民对特殊困境下自杀的接受程度及其与自杀意念、自杀行为的关系。方法:本现况调查以≥18岁人群为研究对象,在北京沈阳2市随机抽取20个居委会共1003例居民,在河北山东2省随机抽取20个村庄共1009例村民。用自制自杀态度、行为及危险因素调查表作为工具,其中对自杀的接受程度分量表(共24个条目,1"绝对不会考虑自杀"-5"肯定考虑自杀"级评分)评估人们在不同困境下考虑自杀的可能性。结果:城市和农村居民对自杀的接受程度得分不同[第25%和75%中位数分别为11.5(3.1～25.0)和13.5(4.2～27.1);P=0.042]。城市居民报告曾有过主动自杀意念的比例低于农村居民(7.0%vs.14.9%,P<0.001)。总的多因素分析显示:越年轻,受正规教育年限越多,曾有过主动自杀意念,对自杀的接受程度得分越高;分层分析显示:在城市,对自杀的接受程度得分仅与年龄、有主动自杀意念有关(β=-0.09、0.13,P<0.01);在农村,仅与受正规教育年限和有主动自杀意念有关(β=0.17,0.19;P<0.001)。结论:人们对自杀的接受程度与既往有无自杀意念相关,但其他相关因素视人群不同而有所不同。
Objectives： To assess the suicide acceptability in various difficult life situations and the relationship of the suicide acceptability to thoughts or acts of self-harm among urban and rural residents. Methods： The Survey Schedule of Suicide-Related Behaviors, Risk Factors and Attitudes in China was administered to randomly selected respondents aged 18 and older from 20 urban neighborhoods in Beijing and Shenyang （ N = 1003 ） and from 20 rural villages in Heibei and Shandong （ N = 1009 ） . The 24-item subscale of suicide acceptability was used to assesses the likelihood that respondents would consider suicide if they encountered different types of life problems on a 1 - 5 Likert scale （ 1 = definitely not consider, 5 = definitely consider ） . Results： There were significant differences in total acceptability score between urban residents [ median （ IQR ） ： 11.5 （ 3. 1 - 25.0 ） ] and rural residents [13.5 （4. 2 -27. 1 ） ] （P =0. 0421 . The rates of self-reported active suicidal ideation were significantly lower in urban residents （ 7.0% vs. 14. 9%, P 〈 0. 001 ） . Multivariate analysis of the full sample showed that the suicide acceptability was greater in young persons with more education and with prior suicidal ideation. Stratified analysis by residence found that acceptability in urban residents was related to younger age and prior suicidal ideation while acceptability in rural residents was related to higher educational attainment and prior suicidal ideation （β = - 0. 09, 0. 13; 0. 17, 0. 19; P〈0.01 or 0.001 ） . Conclusion： Suicide acceptability is most consistently associated with prior suicidal ideation. Other related factors vary by population cohort.
出处
《中国心理卫生杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第10期734-739,共6页
Chinese Mental Health Journal
关键词
自杀
态度
接受程度
自杀意念
自杀未遂
现况调查
suicide
attitude
acceptability
suicidal ideation
suicide attempt
cross-sectional survey
