摘要
目的探讨海洛因和麻黄素对仔鼠大脑颞叶皮层结构及学习记忆能力的影响。方法108只仔鼠采用递增剂量腹腔连续注射海洛因和麻黄素,通过食饵迷宫观察仔鼠行为学变化,在光学显微镜和透射电镜下观察大脑颞叶皮层细胞结构的变化;用免疫组织化学方法观察Bax蛋白和角质细胞生长因子(KGF)在大脑颞叶皮层的表达;采用比色法检测大脑颞叶皮层胆碱乙酰基转移酶(ChAT)活性的变化。结果除麻黄素组5d时与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)外,海洛因和麻黄素组各期仔鼠食饵迷宫试验的错误次数及总测试时间均高于对照组,差异显著或极显著(P<0.05或P<0.01);海洛因组仔鼠食饵迷宫的上述两项指标均高于麻黄素组,差异显著或极显著(P<0.05或P<0.01)。注射海洛因、麻黄素5d、10 d1、5 d、20d,仔鼠大脑颞叶皮层锥体神经元树突、轴突萎缩,胞体缩小,神经元核膜失去正常圆形轮廓,胞内细胞器结构不正常或空泡化;毛细血管周围基质溶解破坏,管腔狭窄;突触小泡减少;大脑颞叶皮层凋亡细胞、坏死细胞及Bax蛋白和KGF阳性表达细胞的数量均高于对照组,ChAT的活性低于对照组,差异显著或极显著(P<0.05或P<0.01);海洛因组仔鼠大脑颞叶皮层凋亡细胞、坏死细胞、Bax蛋白和KGF阳性表达细胞的数量及ChAT的活性与麻黄素组相比,差异显著或极显著(P<0.05或P<0.01)。随着海洛因和麻黄素剂量的递增,仔鼠食饵迷宫试验的错误次数,大脑颞叶皮层凋亡细胞、坏死细胞及Bax蛋白和KGF阳性表达细胞的数量呈增多趋势。结论海洛因和麻黄素显著影响仔鼠的学习记忆能力,其可能机制与大脑颞叶皮层结构受损及ChAT活性下降有一定的相关性。
Objective To study effects of heroin and ephedrine on the structure of cerebral temporal lobe cortex and capability of learning and memory in filial mice. Methods One hundred and eight filial mice were given intraperitoneal injection of heroin and ephedrine by gradually increase of doses, the filial mice behavior changes were observed by bait maze. In the same time, the changes of the cell structure of cerebral temporal lobe cortex were observed by light microscope and transmission electron microscopy. Expression of Bax protein and keratinocyte growth factor（KGF） were measured by immunohistochemical method, the ChAT activity was detected by colorimetry. Results Error frequency and total test time of bait maze in the heroin group and ephedrine group were significantly higher than those in the control group（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01） except those at 5 days in the ephedrine group （P 〉 0.05）, and the above-mentioned two indexes of the heroin group were significantly higher than those of the ephedrine group（ P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ）. After administration of heroin and ephedrine at 5,10,15,20 days, the dendrites and axon of pyramidal neurons in cerebral temporal lobe cortex were atrophied and the cell bodies became smaller. Nuclear membrane lost normal round contour and the structures of organelles showed abnormal or vacuolar. The matrix around capillary dissolved or were destructed and capillary lumen became narrow. The synaptic vesicles were reduced. The number of apoptotic or necrotic cells and Bax protein and KGF-immunopositive neurons was significantly higher and ChAT activity was lower than that of the control group after administration of heroin and ephedrine（ P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ）. There were differences between the heroin group and ephedrine group in the number of apoptotic or necrotic ceils and expression of Bax protein and KGF（ P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ）. Error frequency of bait maze, the number of apoptotic or necrotic cells and Bax protein-and KGF-immunopositive neurons were increased by the increase in doses of heroin and ephedrine. Conclusion Heroin and ephedrine had great effect on learning and memory in filial mice and this effects could be related with the damage of the histological structure of cerebral temporal lobe cortex and low activity of CHAT.
出处
《解剖学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第5期724-731,共8页
Acta Anatomica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(30370163)
甘肃省自然科学基金资助项目(ZS031-A25-005-Z)
甘肃省创新人才基金资助
