摘要
目的了解中国未婚大学生避孕节育教育与服务的现状及需求,为高校开展避孕节育服务和教育提供参考。方法采用定量研究方法,根据知情同意原则选择80 000名大学生进行匿名问卷调查。结果共回收74 258份有效问卷,避孕相关知识知晓率总体水平偏低,女生高于男生,医学类学生高于其他专业学生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。70%以上的学生对婚前性行为及未婚同居持宽容态度,但认为有必要学习更多避孕知识的达87.2%;未婚性交发生率为14.4%;性交中每次都采取避孕措施的只有28.7%;未婚性交中导致意外妊娠的比例达25.2%,男生高于女生,本科生高于博士生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。科普读物或报刊杂志(70.1%)、网络(54.6%)及同学朋友(41.6%)是大学生获取避孕节育知识的3种最主要途径,大学生最推崇的3种避孕节育知识获取方式是科普读物或报刊杂志(69.2%)、课程教育或专题讲座(61.4%)及网络(48.5%);有性行为史的大学生中57.3%从超市、药店购买避孕药具,只有5.9%通过校医院、保健科获得,而其中51.7%最希望通过超市或药店购买避孕药具,只有9.9%最希望通过学校医院/保健科免费提供而获得;90.1%的大学生认为大学有必要开展避孕节育相关知识教育,39.7%的学生希望以课程教育的形式开展避孕节育教育,64.5%的学生认为大学避孕节育教育应该从大一即开展,越早越好。结论大学生性观念开放,避孕节育相关知识知晓率低,性行为中意外妊娠发生比例高;大学生对避孕节育知识和方法有迫切的需求,希望通过课程教育等多种形式获得,但如何保障大学生隐秘,使其方便地获取避孕节育服务需进一步探讨。
Objective To investigate the current status and requirements of sexual behavior and contraceptive education and service among unmarried college/university students in China,and to provide evidence for effective contraceptive service and education in colleges/universities.Methods Quantitative surveys were employed,and questionnaires were conducted anonymously among 80 000 college/university students after informed consent.Results From 74 258 available questionnaires,the understanding of contraceptive knowledge was low,that in female student was superior to that in male students,and that in medical students was superior to that in non-medical students with the difference being statistically significant（P〈0.01）.Premarital sex and unmarried cohabitation had been accepted by more than 70% of college/university students.87.2% students of them believed learning more contraceptive knowledge was necessary.14.4% of responders had ever experienced sexual intercourse,and among of those who had the experience,28.7% college/university students always had contraceptive use in sexual intercourse.25.2% of college/university students had experienced unexpected pregnancy,and the incidence of unexpected pregnancy relative to male students and undergraduate students was higher than that in female and doctor students,with the difference being statistically significant between them（P〈0.01）.The most popular channels to get contraceptive knowledge among college/university students were from magazines and books（70.1%）,internet（54.6%）,and peers and classmates（41.6%）,but the best three ways that were considered by students were through magazines and books（69.2%）,courses and lectures（61.4%）,and internet（48.5%）.57.3% students who had experience of sexual intercourse get contraception from supermarkets and drugstore,only 5.9% of them was from hospital in campus;90.1% of college/university students thought education of contraception in college/university was necessary,39.7% of students considered that curriculum about contraception should be setup.Conclusion Most college/university students have an open attitude towards sex,but the proportion of contraceptive knowledge grasped by students was very low,and the incidence of unintended pregnancy was high.There is an urgent need to setup contraceptive curriculum in the college/university,but how to supply contraceptive service needs further investigation.
出处
《华中科技大学学报（医学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第5期561-570,580,共11页
Acta Medicinae Universitatis Scientiae et Technologiae Huazhong
基金
科技部十一五国家科技支撑计划资助项目(No.2006BAI15B04)
关键词
大学生
避孕
现况调查
college students
contraception
cross-sectional study
