摘要
海草场作为特殊的海洋生态系统之一,尽管其面积占海洋总面积的比例很小,但其具有极高的初级生产力,在地球系统碳循环中起着不可忽视的作用。海草本身还可以作为其他附着生物的附着基,进一步提高了海草场的初级生产力,并为许多海洋动物提供了适宜的食物。海草场的存在,改变了海草场内的流体动力过程,加速了悬浮颗粒的沉降,对稳定海底底质和净化水质有着积极的作用,因此被称为"生态系统工程师"。海草本身可以作为一些海洋动物的食物,同时其复杂的地下和地上结构还为一些海洋动物提供了庇护和栖息场所。而海草植物体的大部分,将最终被微生物分解利用,所产生的营养盐可以满足其它初级生产者生长所需。本文通过总结世界范围内海草场生态学研究成果,旨在阐述海草场生态系统的特征及功能,以提高人们对海草场生态功能的认识,唤起人们对海草场的重视与保护意识。
As a marine ecosystem, seagrass meadows only occupy a small part of the ocean area. However, due to their high primary productivity, seagrass meadows play an important role in the global carbon cycle. Seagrasses provide suitable-substrates for the epiphytes, and consequently the primary production of the seagrass meadows is enhanced. The seagrasses and their epiphytes are the food sources of many marine animals. The seagrass meadows, acting as an ecosystem engineer, can change the fluid dynamics, facilitate the sedimentation of the suspended particulates, help stabilizing the sediments and improve the water quality. The under-and above-ground structures of the seagrass meadows provide suitable shelters and habitats for the marine animals. And the most part of the seagrass plants will finally be decomposed by the microbes. Finally, the produced nutrients in decomposition can then be utilized by the primary producers in the marine environment. This paper focuses on the research results of seagrass ecology, and summarizes the ecolOgical functions of seagrass meadows. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the function of seagrass meadows in the marine ecosystem and arouse the consciousness to value and protect the seagrass meadows.
出处
《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第5期933-939,共7页
Periodical of Ocean University of China
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30700615)
国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2006AA100303)
海洋公益项目(200805069)资助
