摘要
植物光合作用是植物受UV-B辐射影响的主要一个方面。UV-B辐射诱导的活性氧的产生进一步破坏类囊体膜;叶绿素在UV-B辐射下降解或其合成过程受阻,但不同植物间叶绿素对UV-B辐射的抗性存在一定差异;UV-B辐射下,PSⅡ的两个主要组分D1蛋白和LHCⅡ合成减少,但D1蛋白可通过D1蛋白的周转维持PSⅡ的活性;UV-B辐射诱导主要光合酶RuBP羧化酶活性的降低,且不同植物对UV-B辐射强高度的响应程度不同,而C4植物中烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸-苹果酸酶(NADP-ME)却起到保护植物免受UV-B损伤的作用。在光合作用的主要过程中,UV-B辐射通过影响PSⅡ上各反应活性而降低电子传递速率,对碳同化过程的影响除降低酶活性外,另一个重要方面就是调节气孔的运动。在UV-B辐射对植物光合作用影响的研究中应进一步揭示其作用机理,并注重当前UV-B辐射水平及其与其它环境因子综合作用对植物光合作用的影响研究。
Plant photosynthesis is one of the phases UV - B affects on plant. UV - B induces production of reactive oxygen species （ROS） and then damages thylakoid membrane. Chlorophyll is degrad- ed or the synthetic processes are prevented by UV - B, but the tolerance of chlorophyll to UV - B is different among plants. Synthesizes of D1 protein and LHC Ⅱ, the two main composes of PS Ⅱ are decreased, but D1 protein can maintain the action of PS Ⅱ by D1 protein turnover cycle. UV - B induces reduction of RuBPase activity, and the degrees of the enzyme activity response to UV - B were different among species. However, the enzyme NADP - ME in C4 plant is able to protect plants against UV -B. In the main processes of photosynthesis, UV - B radiation reduces electron transfer rate by affecting the reactive actions in PS Ⅱ ; besides reducing enzymes activities, another important phase UV - B affecting carbon assimilation is regulation of stomatal movement . In further study, more details in the mechanisms of effects of UV - B on photosynthesis should be announced, and more attentions should be paid on the effects of present UV - B level and its synthetic function with other environmental factors on photosynthesis.
出处
《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第6期895-903,共9页
Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science
基金
红塔集团玉溪烟叶生态评价体系(KX140346)
国家烟草专卖局品牌导向的原料体系研究(110200801034)
关键词
UV-B辐射
光合器官
光合作用
影响机理
ultraviolet-B radiation
photosynthetic apparatus
photosynthesis
influence mechanism
