摘要
统计已有的研究数据,分析土法炼锌区环境中重金属的污染状况与环境危害,采用单因子污染指数法和综合污染指数法,综合评价土法炼锌历史较久的赫章县妈姑镇废弃矿区环境质量状况。结果显示,矿区大气、土壤和食物中重金属元素Pb、Zn、Cd的总含量均超标;土壤污染严重,不适合种植粮食类作物,已收获的食物不能安全食用;河水中Pb、Zn、Cd的浓度符合Ⅲ类水质要求,但底泥和悬浮物中重金属总含量很高,是潜在的污染源,对河水水质和水生生物的生存构成威胁;建议对矿区弃渣和受污染土壤进行治理,采用农家肥、磷肥与碱石灰混合施用的方法可行。
According to the existed data analysis, heavy metal pollution status and environmental hazards were analyzed, and single-factor pollution index and integrated pollution index were adopted to comprehensively evaluate the situation of environmental quality in the abandoned mining areas in Magu Township, Hezhang County, a long history indigenous zinc smelting area. The results showed that the total content of heavy metals Pb, Zn, and Cd in the atmosphere, soil, and food in the mining area have exceeded the standards. Soil has been polluted and unsuitable for farming, and even crops harvested were not safe. The content of Pb, Zn, and Cd in river water was according with Ⅲ level water quality standard, but heavy metals in sediment and total suspended solids had higher content, they threatened the river water quality and aquatic organisms in the river since they were potential pollution resources. The ecological reconstruction is urgently needed to solve this＇environmental problem. The paper proposed that mining dregs and contaminated soil should be treated, combination of farmyard manures, phosphate mixed with the lime could be the best control measure for the heavy metals polluted in the mining areas.
出处
《贵州农业科学》
CAS
北大核心
2009年第11期207-211,共5页
Guizhou Agricultural Sciences
基金
贵州大学研究生创新基金"炼锌废渣对蚕豆根尖细胞的诱变效应研究"[校研理工(2009)035]
关键词
重金属
危害
矿区
评价
炼锌
heavy metals
hazards
mining zone
assessment
zinc smelting
