摘要
油页岩有机矿藏含有大量有机质和作物生长所需的矿质养分,但因较高水溶性盐分含量成为它在农业或园艺作物生产中作为栽培基质利用的重要限制因素。试验对油页岩进行了不同洗盐处理,以获得最佳脱盐措施,达到脱盐标准。通过用不同水量冲洗(水样比0∶1,1∶1,2∶1,3∶1,4∶1,5∶1,6∶1,7∶1,8∶1,9∶1和10∶1)及在不同水温(40℃,50℃,60℃,70℃,80℃,90℃和100℃)下进行脱盐处理后,测定油页岩的酸碱度、电导率、水溶性盐总量和离子(Cl-、SO42-、CO32-、HCO3-、Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、Na+)组成等变化情况,确定出合理的冲水定额及处理措施,探明了各离子淋失规律。试验结果表明:采用5∶1的水样比处理,即每千克油页岩冲水定额为5 L水时脱盐效率高,用水量经济;油页岩经过洗盐处理后,pH从5.2可升高到6.58,其盐分含量从7.69 g/kg降低为1.18 g/kg,脱盐率为84.66%,其盐分含量以及酸碱度均达到了大部分栽培作物生长的要求;对洗盐用水适当加温可以取得更好的脱盐效果。
Oil shale deposits contain a large number of organic matter and mineral nutrients needed for crop growth,but a higher water-soluble salt content is a key barrier factor in agriculture or horticulture as cultivating substrate.Different desalination treatments（under water/sample ratio 0∶1,1∶1,2∶1,3∶1,4∶1,5∶1,6∶1,7∶1,8∶1,9∶1,10∶1 and water temperature 40℃,50℃,60℃,70℃,80℃,90℃,100℃）were designed in the test,thereby achieving the desired effect.Through measuring oil shale pH,conductivity, the total amount of water-soluble salt and the composition of anion-cation（Cl-,SO42-,CO32-,HCO3-,Ca2＋,Mg2＋,K＋,Na＋） in different treatments,we wanted to find the proper fixed flushing and measures,also the rule of ions leaching.The results showed that： The efficiency of desalination was higher and water consumption was the lowest in the 5∶1 ratio of water and soil treatment.After being desalinated,the pH of oil shale increased from 5.2 to 6.58,and its salt content reduced from 7.69 g/kg to 1.18 g/kg,with a desalination rate of 84.66%,and its salt content and pH had met the growth requirements of most cultivated crops;If increasing temperature of water properly,the effect of desalination would be better.
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第6期223-227,共5页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
陕西省科技厅科技计划(2005K-G16)
关键词
油页岩
栽培基质
水溶性盐
脱盐率
oil shale
culture matrix
water-soluble ions
desalination ratio
