摘要
目的:为下颌牙种植术等临床口腔外科提供解剖学基础。方法:选取新鲜下颌骨标本10例、成人全牙下颌骨标本18例和20名全牙志愿者,分别暴露出下牙槽神经血管束、下颌管与下颌后牙牙根和CT连续扫描后进行三维重建。观察下牙槽神经、血管的排列关系,用游标卡尺和CT三维重建工作站分别测量下颌后牙牙根至下颌管上壁的距离。结果:下颌管自牙槽窝下方走行,其舌侧骨板较厚;下颌管内的下牙槽血管位于下牙槽神经上方。下颌磨牙的远中根至下颌管的距离均较近中根近。在标本及影像上的第1前磨牙、第2前磨牙、第1磨牙、第2磨牙、第3磨牙牙根至下颌管上壁的距离分别为(8.36±2.34)mm和(8.42±2.42)mm、(7.36±2.21)mm和(7.52±2.18)mm、(3.22±1.40)mm和(3.36±1.85)mm、(2.96±1.54)mm和(2.84±1.55)mm、(3.64±1.72)mm和(3.88±1.76)mm。结论:(1)下颌后牙至下颌管的距离以第2磨牙最近,由近及远依次为第2磨牙、第1磨牙、第3磨牙、第2前磨牙和第1前磨牙。(2)对选择适宜长度的牙种植体,避免牙种植体损伤下牙槽神经等具有重要意义。
Objective： To provide anatomic basis for the mandibular dental implant operation of the clinical oral surgery. Methods： 10 fresh mandibles, 18 adult mandibles with total teeth and 20 volunteers without agomphosis were selected and exposed the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle, the mandibular canal and the dental root of mandibular posterior teeth, scanned in series by CT, and then its three-dimensional image were reconstructed. The relationship of the inferior alveolar nerve with the inferior alveolar vessels were observed, the dental root of mandibular posterior teeth to the superior wall of mandibular canal was measured with vernier caliper and three-dimensional reestablish working station respectively. Results： The mandibular canal was traveling through the bottom of alveolar fossa. Its lingual side was thick, the inferior alveolar vessels were laid above the inferior alveolar nerve in the mandibular canal. The distance was near from the distal root of mandibular molar to the mandibular canal than that of the mesial root. The distance from the dental root Of first premolar, second premolar, first molar, second molar, third molar to the superior wall of mandibular canal were 8.36±2.34 ram, 8.42±2.42 mm, 7.36±2.21 mm, 7.52±2.18 ram, 3.22±1.40 mm, 3.36±1.85 mm, 2.96±1.54 ram, 2.84±1.55 mm, 3.64±1.72 mm and 3.88±1.76 mm in specimen and imaging separately. Conclusions： （1） The distance from the second molar to the mandibular canal was the nearest than that of the others, it was the second molar, first molar, third molar, second premolar and first premolar from the near to the far. （2） It is significant for choosing appropriate length of dental implantation, which avoid the injury for the inferior alveolar nerve.
出处
《中国临床解剖学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第6期651-653,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy
基金
河南省教育厅科技攻关课题(200510472027)
关键词
下颌管
下牙槽神经
下颌后牙
牙种植术
CT三维重建
mandibular canal
inferior alveolar nerve
mandibular posterior teeth
dental implant operation
CT three-dimensional reconstruction
