摘要
以菠萝品种‘澳大利亚卡因’为材料,研究了施用不同有机肥对菠萝长叶期和抽蕾期植株生长量、生理生化指标以及土壤酶活性、微生物等的影响,以探讨不同有机肥对菠萝生长的影响机理。结果显示:(1)在花生麸处理中菠萝株高、青叶数、地上部和根鲜重较对照(施用化肥)提高,而在鸡粪和水肥处理中株高、青叶数、地上部鲜重较对照降低。(2)花生麸处理的菠萝叶片细胞膜透性较对照降低,而叶绿素含量、根系活力以及叶片和根系的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量、SOD活性均较对照提高;鸡粪和水肥处理的叶片细胞膜透性和根系SOD酶活性较对照提高,而叶绿素含量、根系活力、长叶期叶片和根系的可溶性糖含量、长叶期和抽蕾期叶片的可溶性蛋白含量、叶片SOD酶活性均比对照降低。(3)花生麸能提高土壤脲酶、转化酶和过氧化氢酶的活性及土壤微生物数量;鸡粪和水肥能降低土壤脲酶、蛋白酶活性,却能增强土壤转化酶、过氧化氢酶活性,鸡粪使土壤微生物数量增加,水肥使长叶期土壤微生物数量增加,但使抽蕾期的减少。研究表明,施用花生麸能提高菠萝叶绿素含量、根系活力以及叶片和根系的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量,并增强根和叶的SOD活性,同时增加了土壤相关酶活性和微生物数量,从而有效促进菠萝植株生长。
To study the mechanism of different organic fertilizer applications affecting plant growth of pineapple,we studied the indexes of plant growth of the pineapple variety ＇Australia cayene＇,the key physiological and biochemical prosperities of pineapple,and enzyme activity,micro-organisms of soil around plants at leaf growth period and floral initiation stage.The results showed that the height of plant,number of green leaves,fresh weight of aboveground part and roots were increased by application of peanut press pulp,compared with control（application of chemical fertilizer）.Also,cell membrane permeability of leaf was decreased,content of chlorophyll in leaves and activity of roots were both increased by application of peanut press pulp,respectively.Application of peanut press pulp increased the content of soluble sugar and protein,activities of SOD in leaves and roots.However,application of chicken manure and liquid manure decreased the height of plant,number of green leaves,fresh weight of aboveground part and roots,increased cell membrane permeability of leaves,and decreased contents of chlorophyll in leaves and activity of roots.The contents of soluble sugar in leaves and roots at leaf growth period,the content of soluble protein at floral initiation stage was decreased by application of chicken manure and liquid manure,respectively.Activity of SOD in leaves was decreased,but that in roots was increased.In addition,the activities of urease,invertase,catalase,and prolease,the number of micro-orgnisms in soil were increased by application of peanut press pulp.The activities of urease and prolease were decreased.However,the activities of invertase and catalase were increased by application of chicken manure and liquid manure.The number of micro-orgnisms in soil was increased also by application of chicken manure.Application of liquid manure decreased the number of micro-orgnisms in soil at leaf growth period,but increased at florial initiation stage.To sum up,application of peanut press pulp could promote the growth of pineapple.It was because application of peanut press pulp increased chlorophyll content and root activity,increased the soluble sugar,soluble protein content in leaf,root and leaf SOD activity,increased the soil-related enzyme activities and the number of micro-orgnisms.
出处
《西北植物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第12期2527-2534,共8页
Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica
基金
农业部菠萝行业专题项目(nyhyzx07-030)
农业部948项目2006-G34(A)
关键词
菠萝
施肥
植株生长
土壤酶活性
土壤微生物
pineapple fertilization plant growth enzyme activity of soil soil micro-organisms
