摘要
目的分析常德市2004～2008年狂犬病流行特征,为制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法收集常德市2004～2008年狂犬病流行病学个案调查资料,采用描述性流行病学的方法进行分析。结果常德市2004～2008年共报告狂犬病116例,年平均发病率为0.38/10万;死亡116例,病死率100%;常年散发,夏、秋季(占46.55%)较多;农民和学生(占88.79%)为主要发病人群;男性多于女性(性别比为2.2:1),35～74岁年龄组发病较多(占73.28%);暴露后患者接受狂犬疫苗注射占8.62%(10/116),全程免疫仅有5例,占4.31%(5/116),无一例及时注射抗狂犬病毒免疫血清或抗狂犬病免疫球蛋白。结论加强犬类动物的管理,提高犬只免疫率,从源头上控制狂犬病毒的传播;将农民、学生和儿童作为狂犬病防制的重点人群,普及群众的狂犬病防治知识,规范暴露后人群的伤口处理,提高免疫率和免疫成功率,降低发病率。
Objective To analyze prevalent features of rabies in Chande City in 2004 - 2008 and offer scientific evidence for making prevention and control measures. Methods The data of rabies in 2004 - 2008 were collected and analyzed with descriptively epidemiological methods. Results There 116 rabies patients from 2004 to 2008 in the prefecture were reported. The annual mean incidence was 0.38 per one hundred thousand and all the patients and with fatality rate of 100%; Rabies occurred in all year, summer and autumn were the main seasons of disease （accounting for 46.55%）;Peasants and students were the high-risk groups （aecountng for 88.79% ）;Most of the infections occurred to males （the ratio of male to female was 2.2：1 ）; most cases were in the age group of from 35 to 74 years （accounting for 73.28%）. There only five cases were vaccinated in full course （ accounting for 88.79% ）,8.62% of the patients received rabies vaccine after exposure, no one was vaccinated with anti- rabies serum in time. Conclusion The work of management of canine animals,enhancement of mmunization rates of dogs,spread rabies control and Prevention knowledge,proper treatment be strengthened to reduce the incidence of rabies.
出处
《中国热带医学》
CAS
2010年第1期37-38,共2页
China Tropical Medicine
