摘要
在双河油田近２０年的高效开发过程中，流体性质发生了变化，对油层造成不同程度的损害。主要表现在：①注入水的长期冲刷，加大了储集层物性和孔隙结构变化速度，使得后期储集层各类溶孔非常发育，孔隙和喉道在三维空间上的分布、组合及配置关系更加复杂，它与注入水的水质及与地层水的配伍性和储集层敏感性有关，是油层损害的主要原因。②地层水中离子的变化，特别是某些阳离子（Ｃａ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋、Ｋ＋、Ｎａ＋等）易与岩石颗粒进行离子交换，造成矿物的转化、溶解和沉淀，形成更多的地层微粒和细小喉道，增大油层渗透率非均质性。③原油在地层中含盐量、含硫量、含蜡量的变化等也可使油层渗透性能变差。④外来液体对地层的水锁效应，降低了油相渗透率；润湿性反转造成地层损害；细菌繁殖造成注水井地层堵塞，固体颗粒堵塞孔隙、喉道等。流体性质的变化与油层物性变化关系密切，是当前储集层损害及评价研究的重要组成部分。照片６图２表３参３（郭海莉摘）
During the highly efficient development process for almost twenty years in Shuanghe oil field, variations in reservoir fluid properties have taken place and which has caused damages to the reservoir in different degree. Firstly, the leaded pores and various solutional void of the reservoir are well developed due to the long term water flooding. The distribution, combination and disposition of the pore throat in 3D space tend to be more complicated and are related to the quality, the sensitivity as well as the compatibility of the formation water. This is the main reason for the formation damage. Secondly, the variations of cations and anions in the formation water (specially some cations like Ca 2+ ,Mg 2+ , K +, Na + for which the ion exchange could easily take place with rock particles) have brought about transformation, dissolution and deposition of the minerals. Thirdly, the changes of salt, sulfur and wax content in crude oil also resulted in the deterioration of reservoir permeability. Last, water sealing effect caused by injected water decreased relative permeability to oil, wettability reversing and bacteria breeding could also damage the formation. Therefore, variation of fluid properties have a close relationship with the reservoir petrophysical properties and it makes up a very important part in the study of reservoir damage evaluation.
出处
《石油勘探与开发》
SCIE
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第5期72-76,共5页
Petroleum Exploration and Development
关键词
储集层
流体性质
油田
油层损害
Reservoir characteristics, Fluid property, Formation damage, Mechanism, Heterogeneity, Influence
