摘要
风水复合侵蚀是风力与水力共同或交替作用相互增强或者削弱的过程。从侵蚀区划分、驱动因素、侵蚀机理和生态恢复对策等方面论述了风水复合侵蚀的研究进展,简述了半干旱风水复合侵蚀区和海岸复合侵蚀区是两个影响最大的风水复合侵蚀区。晋陕蒙接壤区为半干旱风水复合侵蚀区的强烈侵蚀中心,在土地利用上属农牧交错区,生态环境极为脆弱。海岸复合侵蚀岸段分布广泛,侵蚀岸线在总岸线中所占比例较大。影响风水复合侵蚀的因素包括自然和人为因素,且地域差异显著。半干旱区风水复合侵蚀研究主要从侵蚀特点、土壤特性、侵蚀产沙、侵蚀能量研究等方面;海岸复合侵蚀区从侵蚀特征、风暴潮与海岸复合侵蚀关系等方面分析了取得的进展和存在的不足。总结了生物措施和工程措施对风水复合侵蚀区生态恢复的作用,展望了风水复合侵蚀与生态恢复的研究方向,并指出复合侵蚀机理与评估、生态恢复机理与评价研究是今后研究的趋势。
Complex erosion of wind and water is an effective link between the wind and water process. The coupled wind-water erosion is a process that simultaneously or alternatively reinforces or weakens individual wind or water erosion. The complex erosion by wind and water is different from individual water erosion or wind erosion, which has always induced more serious damage than individual wind or water erosion process. The distribution characteristics, influencing factors, erosion mechanism and ecological restoration were reviewed in detail in this paper. Semiarid regions and coastal area are among the most important regions for complex erosion of wind and water. The adjacent regions by the provinces of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia is the most serious erosion zone of complex erosion of wind and water in semiarid regions, belonging to the ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry. The length of eroded coastal line amounts to one-third of the entire coastal line of China. Coastal erosion region is characterized by popularity, diversity and aggravation. Erosion characteristics are different because of complex natural and human factors in different zones. Systematic analysis was done from the progresses and shortcomings in the study on complex erosion of wind and water from the aspects of erosion characteristics, soil properties, sediment yield, erosion energy in semiarid regions and erosion characteristics, storm surge in coastal area. A summary was made on the effects of biological and engineering measures on eco-restoration. The research trends of complex erosion of wind and water were prospected and summed up, and the future studies will focus on the following three aspects： the mechanism of erosion, evaluation of erosion and mechanism of ecological restoration.
出处
《地理科学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第1期65-72,共8页
Progress in Geography
基金
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-442)
黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室基金项目(10501-225)
中国博士后科学基金资助项目(20090460421)
中科院院长奖获得者科研启动专项
关键词
半干旱风水复合侵蚀区
海岸风水复合侵蚀区
风暴潮
土壤侵蚀
生态修复
complex erosion of wind and water in semiarid regions
complex erosion of wind and water in coastal area
storm surge
soil erosion
ecological restoration
