摘要
目的调查铜绿假单胞菌临床分离株近年来耐药谱的变迁，为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供依据。方法应用回顾性调查方法，对临床2005-2008年送检标本中分离的铜绿假单胞菌药敏试验进行统计分析。结果共检出临床阳性标本分离株7848株，其中铜绿假单胞菌有971株，占12．4％，铜绿假单胞菌对临床常用的抗菌药物中替卡西林／克拉维酸、哌拉西林、头孢曲松、妥布霉素、亚胺培南、哌拉西林／他唑巴坦的耐药率相对上升较快，分别由2005年的33．3％、17．8％、23．4％（2007年）、3．3％、15．6％、10．0％上升至2008年的51．4％、45．9%、45．5％、32．5％、40．7％、37．6％；对头孢他啶和环丙沙星的耐药率相对比较稳定，前者维持在16．0％～20．0％，后者则在16．0％～24．0％；对阿米卡星和头孢哌酮／舒巴坦的耐药率尽管也有一定比例的上升，但耐药率仍然比较低，前者2008年的耐药率为8．3%，后者在2008年的耐药率为3．5％。结论铜绿假单胞菌对阿米卡星、头孢哌酮／舒巴坦的敏感性较高，而对其他几种多药耐药现象严重，应根据药敏结果选择单一或联用抗菌药物，可有效控制和减缓细菌耐药性的增长。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the vicissitudes of drug resistance pattern in clinically isolated strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa during recent years, in order to provide the basis for rational use of drugs. METHODS Retrospective study was applied to analyze the drug sensitivity of P. aeruginosa isolated from clinical specimens dring last 4 years（2005-2008）. RESULTS Total amount of 7848 clinical specimens were obtained, including P. aeruginosa 971 strain of total 12. 4%. Its resistant rate to Ticarcillin/clavulanate, piperacillin, ceftriaxone, tobramycin, imipenem, piperaeillin/tazobactam rise fast, from 33.2%, 17.5%, 23.5% （2007）, 3.2% ,15.7%, 10.1% in 2005 to 51. 5%, 45. 9%, 45. 4%, 32. 5%, 40. 7%, 37. 6% in 2008. And the resistant rate to cefotaximes and ciprofloxacin were relatively stable, the former in 16. 0% - 20. 0%, the latter in 16. 0% - 24.0%. Despite the resistant rate to amicacin and cefoperazone/sulbactam was rising in a certain proportion, but is still lower, the former was 8.2% and the latter was 3.6% in 2008. CONCLUSIONS The resistance rates of P. aeruginosa to common antibiotics are high and the resistance pattern is wide. Choosing single or combinative antibiotics according to the results of drug sensitivity are helpful to control and slow down the increase of bacterial drug resistance.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第4期573-575,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
铜绿假单胞菌
抗菌药物
耐药性
Pseudornonas aeruginosa
Antibacterial
Drug resistance
