摘要
目的:探索辽宁省病残儿相关情况动态变化和发病原因,为降低病残儿发生率提供科学依据。方法:对辽宁省2002～2004年病残儿鉴定的疾病种类、类型、顺位、地区分布、危险因素以及再发风险等进行了流行病学研究,应用SPSS统计软件进行统计分析。结果:全省3年中共鉴定审批病残儿2 662例,性别比为290.90。共有236种疾病,顺位居前5位者为脑性瘫痪、智力低下、先天性心脏病、继发性癫痫和大脑发育不全。先天性疾病占74.46%,后天性疾病占25.54%。再生育者病残儿发病率为16.22‰。有遗传性疾病、孕期用药、异常分娩、妊娠合并症、孕期感染、父母接触有害环境是导致病残儿发生的主要危险因素。结论:加强病残儿动态管理,实施遗传病控制,加强孕期保健以及高危家庭优生监护是降低病残儿发生的有效途径。
Objective ： To explore the dynamic variation in the incidence and causes of birth defects in order to provide a scientific basis for birth defect prevention. Methods： We conducted the epidemiologic study on the categories, types, composition, distribution, risk factors and recurrent risk of the diseases in the disabled children applied for medical authentication between 2002 and 2004 in Liaoning province. The data analyzed with SPSS software are reported. Results ： A total of 2 662 disabled children were authenticated between 2002 and 2004. The sex ratio was 290.90. There are 236 diseases confirmed in the present study and the top 5 diseases were cerebral palsy, mental retardation, congenital heart disease, secondary epilepsy and cerebral agenesis. The congenital diseases accounted for 74.46% and the acquired diseases accounted for 25.54%. The recurrent risk of the birth defects was 16.22%0. The major risk factors for the birth defects included the congenital and inherited diseases history of the parents, medications during pregnancy, abnormal labor, pregnancy complications, infection during pregnancy, and the parents＇ exposure to the hostile environment. Conclusion： The effective ways to reduce the amount of the disabled children could be to strengthen the dynamic management of the disabled children and the health care before and during pregnancy, monitor the families at high risks and control the genetic disorders.
出处
《中国计划生育学杂志》
北大核心
2010年第2期105-109,共5页
Chinese Journal of Family Planning
基金
辽宁省重大科技项目资助(项目编号:200522008)
关键词
病残儿
病因
流行病学
再发风险
Disabled children
Etiology
Epidemiology
Recurrent risk
