摘要
禾本科牧草的产量、品质和硝酸盐含量等性状与施氮量密切相关。本试验在大田种植情况下,研究6个施氮水平和4种施肥方式对黑麦草的农艺性状、产量、品质和氮素生产效率的影响,以及相关性状与施氮量的相关性。结果表明,随着施氮量的增加,黑麦草的分蘖数、株高、产量、粗蛋白和氨基酸含量能显著提高,黑麦草的硝态氮含量也随之提高,但随着施氮量的继续增加,氮肥对黑麦草农艺性状、产量和品质的作用增幅变小,氮素生产效率降低。当每次刈割后施纯氮肥量超过100 kg/hm2时,施氮肥能较好促进黑麦草粗蛋白含量提高,而不能有效促进氨基酸含量的提高;当每次刈割后施纯氮肥量达250 kg/hm2时,黑麦草的株高和产量还表现出降低的趋势;当每次刈割后施纯氮肥量超过150 kg/hm2时,黑麦草的硝态氮含量明显提高,部分刈割期黑麦草的硝酸盐含量还超过0.25%的致毒标准。黑麦草的分蘖数、株高、产量、粗蛋白含量、氨基酸含量和硝态氮含量6个测定指标相互间均呈正相关,产量与施氮量只有在撒施情况下呈显著相关,粗蛋白和氨基酸含量与施氮量多数呈显著或极显著相关,硝酸盐含量与施氮量呈极显著相关。深施对黑麦草的分蘖数和株高产生影响,但促进黑麦草产量、粗蛋白含量和氨基酸含量的提高。
Agronomic traits such as yield, quality and nitrate Content Of gramineous forages are closely related to nitrogen level. Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of six urea application levels and four application methods on the agronomic traits, yield, quality, and nitrogen producing efficiency of ryegrass. Correlations among yield, crude protein content, amino acid content. N application amount and many agronomic traits were also investigated. Tiller number, plant height, yield, crude protein content, amino acid content and nitrate content significantly increased with increasing N application. However, effects of N application on ryegrass became less and nitrogen production efficiency became low with further increasing N application amounts. When N application was over 100 kg/hm^2 after each cutting, N fertilizer increased crude protein content hut had little influence on amino acid content. When N application reached 250 kg/hm^2 after each cutting. plant height and yield showed decreasing trends. When N application was over 150 kg/hm^2, nitrate N content increased significantly, and even exceeded the 25 % poisoning criterion. There were positive correlations among yield, plant height, tiller,number, crude protein content, and nitrate N content of ryegrass. The yield was significantly correlated with the N application amount of broadcast applications. Crude protein and amino acid content were significantly or extremely significantly correlated with N application amount. Moreover, there was an extremely significant correlation between nitrate content and N application amount. Deep application influenced tiller number and plant height, and increase yield, crude protein and amino acid content.
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第1期103-112,共10页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
福建省发改委"五新"项目
福建省科技重点项目(2009S0103
2009R10036-3)
福建省财政专项--福建省农业科学院科技创新团队建设基金(STIF-Y01)资助
关键词
黑麦草
施氮水平与方式
生物学特性
硝酸盐
ryegrass
N applying levels and methods
the biological characteristics
nitrate
