摘要
以低纬高原城市昆明及邻近的安宁和太华山站分别代表大城市、小城市和无城市化影响的对比站,利用1960-2007年气象资料,分析不同规模城市发展对气温的影响。结果表明:①昆明及邻近地区近48年来平均气温显著升高,具有一致性。②城市化加剧了平均气温上升的幅度,大城市和小城市的城市效应分别达到0.31℃/10a和0.09℃/10a,急剧的变化出现在20世纪80年代后期城市高速发展期。③城市化加剧了平均最低气温的显著升高,但对平均最高气温影响不明显。由此导致气温日较差的显著减小,大城市和小城市气温日较差的城市效应分别达到-0.49℃/10a和-0.27℃/10a。④城市化还导致了极端最低气温显著升高,相对湿度显著降低,霜日数显著减少。但对极端最高气温的影响并不显著。
Selecting Kunming,Anning and Taihuashan stations to represent big city,small city and rural area over Low Latitude Plateau respectively,using the meteorological data of three observation stations from 1960 to 2007,this paper analyzed the variations of temperature by the development of different city sizes. The results show：（1） The mean temperature of the area near Kunming is rising remarkably and conformably in the 48 years. （2） Urbanization quickens the rising range of mean temperature. Urbanization effects reach 0.31℃/10a in big city and 0.09℃/10a in small city. The sharp rise happened in the late 1980s,when rapid urbanization emerged. （3） Urbanization quickens the rising of mean minimum temperature remarkably,but the influence on mean maxi-mum temperature is not obvious. That leads diurnal temperature range to a remarkable decrease. Urbanization effects reach -0.49℃/10a in big city and-0.27℃/10a in small city. （4） Urbanization brings other climatic ele-ments to remarkable variations too,such as the rise of extreme minimum temperature,the drop of relative humidity,and the decrease of frost days. But the influence of extreme maximum temperature is not obvious.
出处
《地理科学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第2期145-150,共6页
Progress in Geography
基金
中国气象局气候变化专项(CCFS-09-19)
云南省气象局业务能力研究与提升建设专项重点项目(Y200805)
云南省气象局气候变化专项(201003)
关键词
城市化
城市效应
气温
检验
昆明
urbanization urbanization effect temperature test Kunming
