摘要
目的:评价组织工程修复颅骨缺损各种生物材料的性能和应用,寻找合理的颅骨替代物。方法:以"组织工程,颅骨缺损,干细胞,细胞因子,复合材料"为中文关键词,"tissue engineering,Skull defect,Mesenchymal stem cells,Cytokines;Materials"为英文关键词,采用计算机检索1993-01/2009-10相关文章。纳入与有关生物材料与组织工程颅骨缺损修复相关的文章;排除重复研究或Meta分析类文章。以17篇文献为主重点对组织工程颅骨缺损修复生物材料及其性能进行了讨论。结果:干细胞技术是从少量骨髓组织得到种子细胞,经体外诱导扩增达到一定细胞数量后,与支架材料复合,体外构建组织工程骨,其细胞能够维持成骨细胞特有的生物学特性,能与受区骨组织完全融合。同时避免了免疫排斥反应发生。将两种或两种以上材料复合在一起,或对生物材料表面进行各种各样的修饰,具有促进细胞与材料之间的黏附、提高细胞的生物活性并维持生物功能;利用某种载体转入到种子细胞内,后者在骨缺损区成骨,同时分泌适量的骨生长因子,诱导周围非定向性骨祖细胞向定向性骨祖细胞分化,从而在短时间内募集到足够的具有成骨活性的种子细胞,加快颅骨损伤愈合;利用计算机三维虚拟成像技术和计算机数控成型技术预制的复合材料,既有医用复合材料本身的优点,又有精确的和颅骨缺损周围组织解剖学上的契合性,更有近乎完美的外观形态。结论:目前还没有一种材料能完全符合骨组织工程的要求。将几种材料复合在一起,或对生物材料表面修饰,促进细胞与材料之间的黏附、提高细胞的生物活性、维持生物功能是目前组织工程生物材料研究的热点。
OBJECTIVE：To evaluate function and application of various biomaterials in tissue engineering repair skull defect,and to seek a reasonable skull substitutes.METHODS：Using ＂tissue engineering,skull defect,stem cells,cytokines,composite＂ as Keywords in Chinese,and using ＂tissue engineering,skull defect,mesenchymal stem cells,cytokines,materials＂ as key words in English,a computer-based online search was performed for publications from January 1993 to October 2009.Articles concerning biomaterials and tissue engineering skull defect repair were included.Articles describing repetitive study or Meta analysis were excluded.Function of various biomaterials in tissue engineering repair skull defect was assess in 17 articles.RESULTS：Stem cell technique is to obtain seed cells from a few myeloid tissues.Following in vitro induction and amplification,cells at a certain number could compound with stents,and construct tissue-engineered bone in vitro.The cells could sustain the biological features of osteoblasts,and fuse with bone tissue in the recipient site.Simultaneously,it could avoid the occurrence of immunological rejection.Two or over materials were compounded together,or biomaterial surface received various modification.These could promote adhesion between cells and materials,elevate cell bioactivity and maintain biological function.Following moved into seed cells using some vectors,the latter ossified in bone defect site,and secreted suitable bone growth factor,induced the differentiation of peripheral non-oriented osteogenitor cells into oriented osteogenitor cells,which could harvest adequate seed cells with osteogenic activity in a short time,and accelerate the healing of skull defects.The composite made by using three-dimensional virtual imaging and computer numerical control modeling techniques has the advantages of medical composite,precise anatomical consistency with surrounding tissues of skull defects,and perfect appearance.CONCLUSION：At present,no material can be accorded with the requirement of bone tissue engineering.Combination of some materials or modification of biomaterial surface can promote adhesion of cells and materials,elevate cell biological activity,and maintain biological function,which are presently hot focus of tissue engineering research of biomaterials.
出处
《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第8期1442-1446,共5页
Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research
