摘要
所谓聚落考古,就是以聚落为对象,研究其具体形态及其所反映的社会形态,进而研究聚落形态的演变所反映的社会形态的发展轨迹。聚落考古往往要与环境考古相结合,才能取得较好的效果。我们讲的聚落形态不是遗址形态。在聚落形态没有根本改变的情况下,它所反映的社会面貌或社会组织结构也应当没有本质的改变。有些聚落中的遗迹保存得比较好,不但可以进行功能区的划分,还可以进一步了解各功能区乃至单体建筑之间的联系,借以复原当时的社会。要做到这一点,仅仅依据地层关系和文化分期难以达到目的,还需要引入地面的概念,要设法揭示完整的地面。聚落调查的目的不仅是要了解有没有遗址,也不仅仅是了解遗址中有哪几个时期的东西。从聚落考古的要求来说,至少要了解遗址中是单一文化期的聚落,还是有几个时期不同范围的聚落。
Settlement archeology studies the specific shape and social patterns of the settlement and further researches the development track of social patterns by the evolution of settlement patterns. To achieve better results, settlement archaeology often need be combined with environmental archaeology. Settlement pattern is not only the site patterns. When the settlement patterns are no fundamental change, the social outlook or organizational structure should also be no fundamental change. Some settlements ruins preserved better not only can be divided into various functional areas, but also be learned more about linkages during the functional areas and the single buildings so that the society try to be rebuilt. We are difficult to achieve their goals just based on the stratigraphic relations and cultural phases, and need introduce the concept of the ground and try to reveal the complete surface. The purpose of settlement survey not only learns that if the sites exist, or which cultural periods the articles in the site belong to. According to the requirements of the settlement archaeology, we at least know that the settlement site is a single culture phase, or is the settlement with several different areas of the settlement period.
出处
《中原文物》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第2期19-22,35,共5页
Cultural Relics of Central China
关键词
聚落考古
聚落形态
方法
考古调查
settlement archeology
settlement patterns
means
archaeological investigation
