摘要
目的掌握阿拉山口口岸地区鼠情近况及疫情动态变化,为预警、预报、防控提供新的信息。方法在口岸城区、郊区、野外15个不同生境监测点布夹、布笼捕鼠,探洞、采集体外寄生虫进行分类鉴定,取血、脏器用微量法进行鼠疫F1抗体、抗原检测,对阳性结果用试管法复判。结果2008年在口岸地区捕获小型哺乳动物4目6科10属13种599只,年平均捕获率2.8%,其中城区捕获率为0.5%,郊区2.1%,野外4.6%;小家鼠为城区优势种,大沙鼠为郊区、野外的优势鼠种。采集蚤类6科12属17种6050匹,臀突客蚤为优势蚤种。采集蜱类238只,螨类23只。血清学检测F1抗体873份,抗原548份。从入境交通工具中查到夹带的啮齿动物4批、犬类尸体1批、蜱类3批338只。结论2008年口岸城区鼠密度降至历史最低。大沙鼠在郊区、野外均为优势种,臀突客蚤为主要传播媒介,预示大沙鼠鼠间疫情没有停息,入境交通工具夹带媒介生物种类多,存在传疫风险。
Objective To determine the current situation and dynamics of rats around Alataw pass areas,providing evidence for early warning,prediction,prevention and control. Methods Fifteen monitoring sites,including different habitats such as downtown,outskirts and natural fields around the Pass,were established using cages,traps and cave detectors. Exoparasites were classified and identified. Blood and organ samples were collected from captured rats for micro determination of F1 antibodies and antigens. Positive results were retested using test tubes. Results A total of 599 small mammals of 13 species belonging to 10 genera,6 families and 4 orders were captured around the Alataw pass in 2008,the annual average capture rate being 2.8% （0.5% in urban areas,2.1% in suburban areas and 4.6% in fields）. The dominant species was Mus musculus in urban areas,Rhombomys opimus in outskirts and fields. A total of 6050 fleas of 17 species from 12 genera and 6 families were collected,dominated by Xenopsylla minax. 238 ticks and 23 mites were also collected. Serological assays revealed 873 positive samples of F1 antibody and 548 of F1 antigens. Four batches of rodents,one of canine bodies and three of mites were found in the aboard-passing vehicles,amounting to 338. Conclusion The rat density had reduced to the lowest level around the urban areas of Alataw pass in 2008. R. opimus were the dominant species in the suburbs and fields,mostly mediated by X. minax,indicating that epidemics among R. opimus were still present. A variety of vectors were found entrained in the aboard-passing vehicles,increasing the risk of epidemic transmission.
出处
《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2010年第2期134-137,共4页
Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control
基金
国家质检总局科技计划项目(20091K211)~~
关键词
监测
鼠情
动态变化
特征
Monitoring
Rat density
Dynamic patterns
Characteristics
