摘要
垛口墙是中国古代城墙的重要组成,并成为城墙的重要标志.通过对历史文献和考古资料的梳理以及对现存实例的调查,探讨了垛口墙的起源,形制形成、发展,并且统计了部分现存的垛口墙,对其细部构造进行分析.研究结果表明,垛口墙起源于原始城墙顶部的木栅竹篱,其形制的演进主要经历了3阶段:先秦时期的单个堞墙、俾倪连排布置阶段;汉-宋时期的"凸"字形垛口墙阶段;宋以后的矩形垛口墙阶段.垛口墙的发展变化趋势是垛墙面积变大,垛口变窄,即保护遮蔽面积变大.垛口墙形制演进轨迹表达了兵器及攻、守城战术等变化与发展是其演进的外在动因,而筑城材料和筑城技术乃其发展的内在因素.
The battlement is an important essential part and a symbol of ancient Chinese city walls.Based on settling the historic literature and archaeological materials and surveying some existent relics,the evolutional trace of the battlement from its origin to the system emergence and its development are discussed.Besides, statistics work on the existing battlements is approached and the characters of their details are also analyzed.The research shows three phases of the evolutional trace.The battlement originated from the palisades on the top of original city walls,and then the system was formed,a series of single short walls on the top of city wall in Pre-Qin period,followed by the ＂凸＂shaped battlement from Han Dynasty to Song Dynasty,finally the rectangular battlement formed after Song Dynasty.It is implied that the area of the defilade of the battlement tends to be larger and larger along the evolutional trace.The main reasons from the outer background to the inter technology are also analyzed,that is,the development of weapons in the war and the materials and construct techniques in the city wall.
出处
《东南大学学报（自然科学版）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第2期435-440,共6页
Journal of Southeast University：Natural Science Edition
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(50878043)
关键词
城墙
垛口墙
形制
演进轨迹
city wall
battlement
system
evolutional trace
