摘要
采用田间径流池法,在巢湖流域麦稻轮作种植条件下,研究农田地表径流氮磷流失的特征。研究结果表明:麦稻轮作农田径流总氮流失量为45.27～101.38kg/hm2,总磷流失量为0.302～0.612kg/hm2。总氮的66%以上是在麦季流失的,总磷的89%以上是在稻季流失的。常规施肥条件下麦稻轮作农田氮肥流失率在6%左右,磷肥流失率在0.45%左右。水稻和小麦氮肥减施30%和磷肥减施50%能够减少氮磷的径流流失量,分别减少总氮径流流失量2.83kg/hm2,减少4.1%左右,减少总磷径流流失量0.055kg/hm2,减少10.7%以上。氮肥减施30%对第一年的作物产量没有造成较大减产,可以实现减量不减产的目标。
The runoff characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus in wheat-rice rotation farmland in Chao Lake basin were studied with building runoff ponds in farmland.The results showed that the mean annual discharge of nitrogen and phosphorus was different greatly,total nitrogen was 45.27～101.38 kg/hm^2,and total phosphorus was 0.302 ～ 0.612 kg /hm^2.More than 66% of total nitrogen was lost in wheat season,and more than 89% of total phosphorus was lost in rice season.In the conditions of conventional fertilization,the loss percentage of nitrogen fertilizer was about 6% and phosphorus fertilizer was 0.45% in the wheat-rice rotation farmland.Reduction by 30% of nitrogen fertilizer and by 50% of phosphorus fertilizer could reduce the discharge of nitrogen and phosphorus in the wheat-rice rotation farmland.The discharge amount of total nitrogen and total phosphorus could reduce 2.83 kg/hm^2 and 0.055 kg/hm^2,reduce 4.1% and 10.7%.Reduction by 30% of nitrogen fertilizer did not reduce the crop yield,so it is possible to reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilize without reduction of crop yield in Chao Lake basin.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第2期6-10,29,共6页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(No:2007BAD87B06)
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(No:2008ZX07103-002)
农业部第一次全国污染普查农业源产排污系数测算重点监测项目(WX-Z-07-07)
关键词
麦稻轮作
地表径流
氮磷流失
巢湖
wheat-rice rotation
surface runoff
runoff of nitrogen and phosphorus
Chao Lake basin
