摘要
19、20世纪之交,日本的东洋史学逐渐成型,所谓"满(洲)、蒙(古)、回(疆)、(西)藏、(朝)鲜"之学迅速崛起。本文要讨论的是这一日本东洋学转变时期的学术变化及其政治背景,并通过这一变化反观中国现代学术史。日本东洋学界这一转变,一方面受欧洲东方学的影响,所谓"超越中国"的中国研究开始兴起;一方面由于日本的崛起和所谓"亚洲主义"思潮的影响,日本的兴趣从传统汉族中国偏向所谓"满蒙回藏鲜"的历史地理研究,与日本政界重建国际地位和扩张领土的野心有关。与此同时,中国对于"周边"的历史地理研究,虽然早已有西北史地与蒙元史研究,但此后的学术研究却没有能够与现代民族国家的重建,以及政治领土的确立发生真正的交集,因而只是在欧洲和日本所谓"西域南海之学"或"满蒙回藏鲜之学"的刺激下发展起来的"绝学"。如果仔细对比日本东洋学界对"满蒙回藏鲜"的兴趣和中国学界对"四裔之学"的态度,我们可以看到那个时代两国政治的巨大差异和两国学界不同的历史意识。
In the late 19th and early 20th Centuries, Asian history studies began to shape in Japan. This paper aims to discuss the academic change and political background of Asian history studies in its transi- tional period, and provides a review of the modem Chinese academic history in the perspective of this transition. With the influences both of the Oriental studies in Europe and the rise of Japan as well as the trend of Asianism, Japan＇s interests shifted from the traditional central China to the history and geography of minorities such as Manchu, Mongol, Western region, Tibet and Chosen, related with the reposition of Japan in the world and its ambition of territory expansion. Meanwhile, the research of the periphery＇s geography and history in China has no real relation with politics. Great political differences and historical consciousness can be found between the two countries over that period.
出处
《复旦学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第3期1-10,97,共11页
Fudan Journal（Social Sciences）
关键词
满蒙回藏鲜
日本东洋学
中国
周边
历史
Manchu
Mongol
Western region
Tibet and Chosen
Oriental studies in Japan
China
periphery
