摘要
室内空气污染对健康的危害在近年引起越来越多的关注,如何有效去除室内空气污染物成为污染治理的重要课题。纳米催化剂因其特殊的效应,在降解室内空气污染物方面展现了良好的效果和应用前景。本文介绍金属、金属氧化物、复合氧化物纳米催化剂降解不同室内空气污染物的研究进展,阐述光催化降解有机物的基本原理,讨论各类催化剂的优缺点。贵金属在室内污染物的降解方面虽有很好的效果,但其昂贵价格阻碍了推广应用;氧化物纳米材料光催化降解室内污染物的过程需要在光照下进行,负载贵金属后具有很好的降解性能;用来催化氧化降解室内污染物的氧化物和复合氧化物纳米材料对室内污染物表现出很好的催化性能,具有良好的发展前景。展望了纳米催化剂在降解室内空气污染物方面的研究方向和应用前景。
The harm effects of environmental pollution,especially,indoor air pollutants on human health have been attracting more and more attention in recent years.One of important topics of environmental management is how to effectively eliminate indoor air pollutants.In these aspects,nanocatalysts show outstanding effects and promising applications.The basic principle of photocatalysis reaction of the nanomaterials is discussed and the research progress in nanocatalysts of metal nanoparticles,metal oxide nanoparticles,and composite nanoparticles of metal oxides developed for degradation of varied indoor air pollutants is reviewed in this paper.The advantages and disadvantages of these nanocatalysts are discussed.Noble metals show a very good effect in degradation of indoor air pollutants,but the high price hinders its wide application.The photocatalytic degradation process of indoor air pollutants of oxide nanomaterials requires the light,and the catalysts show a good effect after being supported by the precious metal.Catalytic degradation of indoor pollutants of the oxide and mixed oxides nanomaterials shows good catalytic performance and development prospects.The future developments and potential applications of nanocatalysts for degradation of indoor air pollutants are pointed out.
出处
《科技导报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第11期103-110,共8页
Science & Technology Review
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(20871118,10776034)
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2009BL013)
中国科学院光化学转换与功能材料重点实验室开放课题
关键词
室内污染物
纳米催化剂
纳米粒子
indoor air pollutants
nanocatalysts
nanoparticles
