摘要
为研究施肥种类、施肥量等农业技术措施对青贮玉米产量和品质的影响,建立资源节约型的施肥模式,2008年在河北省石家庄市进行了强盛青贮30(国审玉2007026)肥料效应试验,采用再裂区完全随机区组设计,研究底肥、种肥和追肥的不同配比与施用量对青贮玉米生长及产量的影响。结果表明,1)厩肥发挥肥效需要一定的时间,复合肥肥效持续的时间较厩肥持续的时间短;在以种植青贮玉米作为饲养家畜饲料的地区,厩肥资源丰富,可以用厩肥替代复合肥作为底肥,既有利于青贮玉米的生长,又充分利用了资源,还有助于减轻环境污染;种肥(锌肥)有利于促进青贮玉米的生长,但种肥施用量不宜过高;尿素追肥对促进青贮玉米生长效应显著,肥效持续时间较短,但对增加青贮玉米干草产量效应显著;2)底肥为A2水平、种肥为B2或B3水平、追肥为C1水平处理下生长速率最高,株高最大;底肥为A2水平、种肥在B1水平、追肥在C1水平下的干草收获量最大;综合试验结果,结合当地农业生产实际,建议底肥为A2水平、种肥为B2水平、追肥为C1水平;3)可以根据回归方程:DW=25529.29-2842.18C-424.38B(R2=0.408)或DW=24468.33-2842.18C(R2=0.373)或DW=10267.89+12104.11A-3058.09A2(R2=0.377),预测青贮玉米干草产量。
A field experiment to study the effects of different fertilizer application on plant height and yield of silage maize in Shijiazhuang,Hebei province in 2008 was carried out to explore the impact of fertilizer application on silage maize （Zea mays） output and quality and to establish the best mode of fertilizer application.The experiment used a re-split-plot design to study the influence of the proportion and quantity of different base fertilizer,seed fertilizer and topdressing on silage maize growth and output with three replications in a randomized complete block design.1） Barnyard manure took time to become effective,but the fertilizer efficiency of compound fertilizer lasted for a short duration only compared with barnyard manure.In areas cultivated with silage maize as a livestock feeder,barnyard manure was abundant and could be used as a basic fertilizer to replace compound fertilizer.This operation not only helps the growth of silage maize,but also contributes to making full use of the resources and reducing environmental pollution.Seed manure of zinc fertilizer promotes the growth of silage maize,but the amount applied should be restricted.The duration of fertilizer applied as a urea topdressing was relatively short,but the effect was striking in promoting ensiling maize growth and increasing the output of maize hay.2） Base fertilizer for A2 level,seed manure for B2 or B3 level,urea topdressing for C1 horizontal showed the greatest speed of effect and resulted in the highest plant heights.The base fertilizer for A2 level,seed manure for B1 level,urea topdressing for C1 level led to the biggest harvest yield.The comprehensive results of the test suggest that combining local agricultural production reality,base fertilizer for A2 level,seed manure for B2 level,urea topdressing for C1 level give the best results.3） Hay output of silage maize can be predicted by following the regression equation DW=25 529.29-2 842.18C-424.38B （R2=0.408） or DW=24 468.33-2 842.18C（R2=0.373） or DW=10 267.89＋12 104.11A-3 058.09A2 （R2=0.377）.
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第3期245-250,共6页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD04A10)
河北省重大科技创新项目(07227146Z)
农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(nyhyzx07-036-04)
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(nycytx-10
nycytx-38)资助
关键词
青贮玉米
厩肥
锌肥
追肥
株高
产量
silage maize
barnyard manure
seed manure （zinc fertilizer）
topdressing （urea）
plant height
hay output
