摘要
采用田间小区试验方法研究了平衡施肥对宝清县大豆产量、效益、土壤-作物养分收支平衡状况的影响。试验结果表明,磷肥是限制宝清县大豆高产的第一要素,其次是钾肥和氮肥。与最佳施肥处理相比,不施氮肥大豆减产16.4%,少收入1 801元/hm2;不施磷肥减产30.0%,少收入3 288元/hm2;不施钾肥减产25.9%,少收入2 940元/hm2;不施肥处理减产21.9%,少收入1 729元/hm2。最佳施肥处理大豆产量最高,虽与农民习惯施肥处理比较,未达到显著差异水平,但经济效益显著。在该试验条件下氮肥利用率为39.8%,磷肥利用率为25.7%,钾肥利用率为49.5%。平衡施肥是提高作物产量、效益及肥料利用率的必要措施。
Soybean yield,economic benefit,the three elements of N,P and K input-output balance in soil-crop system were studied under the condition of balanced fertilization by the method of field trial in Baoqing county in order to make soil nutrient resources used rationally,soybean yield and quality increased.The results showed that phosphate was key element to limit soybean yield,followed by potash and nitrogen.Optimal treatment compared to no N,P,K and no fertilizer treatment,soybean yield was respectively decreased 16.4%,30.0%,25.9%and 21.9%,economic income was reduced 1 801 yuan/hm2,3 288 yuan/hm2,2 940 yuan/hm2 and 1 729 yuan/hm2.Soybean yield of optimal treatment was highest among other treatments.The yield had no significant difference between optimal treatment and farmer usual practice treatment,but economic benefit of optimal treatment was higher than farmer usual practice treatment＇s.On the experimental conditions,nitrogen utilization rate was 39.8%,phosphorus utilization was 25.7%,potash fertilizer utilization rate was 49.5%.Balanced fertilization measure was necessary to increase crop yield,economic benefit and fertilizer utilization efficiency.
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第3期31-33,共3页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
东北粮食主产区新农村建设技术集成与示范(2008BAD96B02)
黑龙江省土壤养分管理与平衡施肥研究(NMBF-Heilongjiang-2008)
东北冷凉区一年一熟制高效施肥关键技术研究与示范(2008BADA4B06)
关键词
平衡施肥
养分平衡
大豆
产量
balanced fertilization
nutrient balance
soybean
yield
