摘要
利用湖北省77个气象站2009年6月1日～9月10日(102 d)逐日气温资料,分析了气温的极端特征及对社会经济的影响.结果表明:1)该年属于高温热夏年,高温过程开始早、结束迟、持续长、范围广,其中6、7、8月全省大部各出现了一段长达半个月以上的高温热浪过程,9月初还出现一段短暂的高温过程;2)高温强盛、极端程度大.日平均气温、最高气温、最低气温的最大值各有5、4、11站创历史同期新高,可见低温更异常;全省有2站极端最高气温创年历史新高,2站平年历史记录.有5站高温日数超过40 d,通山多达47 d,公安的28 d和监利的37 d创历史新高,武汉39d,为1951年以来第5位;3)气温变幅大,高温间歇期间气温多偏低,如盛夏(7月下旬～8月上旬)气温明显偏低,"三伏"不热,8月底出现强降温过程,过程降温12～15℃,多处极端最低气温创8月历史最低记录;4)极端高温对电力、健康、农业影响大.高温期间用电量屡破记录,空调供应断档,武汉市居民中暑及死亡人数同比大幅上升;由于同期降水偏少,8月中下旬出现大范围农业干旱.
The heat wave process with more than half a month respectively emerged in June, July and August in 2009, and also a brief process early in September,which has started late, lasted long, covered wide, has high strength, big ups and downs and so on. The extreme maximum temperature or high temperature days of partial stations had recorded over the same period of history . 4,5 and 11 stations of maximum temperature, mean temperature, minimum temperature over-recorded, which shows that minimum temperature is more unusual. The extreme maximum temperature was high to 41.3℃, and 39.1℃ in Wuhan. The high temperature days of 5 stations were more than 40 clays and Tongshan up to 47 days. 28 days in Gongan and 37 days in Jianli has over-recorded, and 39 days in Wuhan has been the fifth since 1951. The intermittent addition between high temperature process showed low temperatures, which the temperature during the height of summer was significantly lower, and a strong cooling process appeared in the end of August, cooling 12 - 15℃ , and which extreme minimum temperature hit in August. The electricity repeatedly break the record, and air-conditioning supply scarcity of merchandise, and the number of residents Wuhan City died of heat stroke appeared a substantial increase. The large-scale agricultural drought emergenced in mid-to late of August,due to rainfall over the same period. The strong convective hazards, such as heavy rain, frequently occurred, which adversely affected on people＇s lives.
出处
《华中师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第2期319-324,共6页
Journal of Central China Normal University：Natural Sciences
基金
国家科技支撑计划资助课题(2007BAC29B05-01)
武汉区域气象中心科技发展基金重点项目(QY-Z-200807)
关键词
夏季
高温热浪
极端事件
影响
盛夏低温
干旱
summer
heat waves with high-temperature
extreme events
the impact summer low temperature
drought
