1Karweit, N. Time, Scales, Learning Events and Productive Instruction, in ibid, pp. 175-176.
2Wang, M. C. An Analysis of Program Design Implications for Teacher and Student Use of School Time. in ibid, p. 238.
3Slavin, R. E. (1991 ) Educational Psychology :Theory into Practice. Prentice-Hall, Inc. p. 234.
4浙江省东阳中学课题组(刘宝剑、蔡伟执笔)．提高教学实效的研究与实践．1998．
5Carroll, J. t3. (1963) A model of school learning, in Fisher, C. W. & Berliner, D. C. (ed.1985 ). Perspectives on Instructional Time. NY:Longman, p. 68.
6Smyth. W. J. Time and School Learning.in Husen, T et al (ed. 1985) The International Encyclopedia of Education. Vol. 9, pp. 5265-5266,p. 527O.
7Anderson, L. W. Time and Learning,in Fisher, C. W. & Berliner, D. C. (ed. 1985).Perspectives on Instructional Time. p. 158, pp. 160-165.
