摘要
目的对静脉吸毒人群(IDU)开展社区外展服务及同伴教育行为干预并评估干预效果,探索建立适合清远市社区静脉吸毒人群的干预模式。方法在清远市清城区和连州市采用同伴推动抽样法(RDS)招募社区IDU为干预对象;分别于2009年4—6月对目标人群进行干预前问卷调查,7—10月采用社区外展服务和同伴教育方法开展艾滋病健康教育和行为干预,11—12月采用与干预前调查相同的问卷对目标人群进行干预后效果评估,评估内容包括艾滋病知识、态度、行为、获得自愿咨询检测(VCT)及性病转介服务等的变化情况。结果干预前后分别调查203、128人;调查对象艾滋病知识总知晓率从干预前的70.44%提高到干预后的85.94%(P<0.01);表示对感染了HIV的朋友或家人和以前一样交往的比例从39.90%提高到60.16%(P<0.01),认为"艾滋病将来可能威胁到您或您的家庭"的比例从59.11%提高到76.56%(P<0.01);最近1个月静脉注射吸毒率从100.00%下降为78.13%(P<0.01),最近1个月、最近1次与别人共用针具的比例分别从26.11%、15.27%下降为10.00%、7.00%,最近1年发生商业性性行为每次使用安全套的比例从33.73%提高到58.54%,干预前后比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);获得艾滋病性病VCT、诊疗和转介服务的比例从0提高到100.00%。结论对社区IDU采取社区外展服务及同伴教育行为干预可显著提高该人群的艾滋病知识知晓率,促使其改变或减少高危行为,干预模式可行、有效。
Objective To explore effective and feasible interventions for AIDS among injection drug users （IDU） of models of community outreach services and peer education interventions in Qingyuan City. Methods IDU were recruited using RDS method in Qingcheng District and Lianzhou City. From A- pril to June 2009, questionnaire survey was conducted before interventions, and then health education and behavioral interventions related to AIDS were carried out by models of community outreach services and peer education among IDU from July to October. From November to December, the same questionnaire survey was conducted after the interventions in order to assess the effects of the interventions, which included the changes of knowledge, attitude and practice related AIDS, obtained services such as voluntary counse- ling and testing （VCT）, STD diagnosis, treatment and referral among IDU. Results We interviewed 203 and 128 target individuals separately before and after intervention. After interventions, the overall awareness rate of AIDS knowledge for IDU increased from 70. 44% to 85.94% （P 〈 0. 01 ）. 60. 16% of the IDU expressed that they would keep friendship with HIV infected friends and 76. 56% consented that HIV/AIDS would threat them or their families, versus 39.90% and 59. 11% before the interventions （P 〈0.01 ）, respectively. The rate of injecting drug use in the last month decreased from 100. 00% to 78. 13% （ P 〈0. 01 ）. In the last month and in the latest injecting drug use, the rate of shared needles decreased from 26. 11%, 15.27% to 10. 00% and 7. 00% , respectively. The condom use rate in every commercial sex trade in the last year increased from 33.73% to 58. 54% （P 〈0. 01 ）. 100. 00% of the IDU obtained services such as HIV and STD VCT, diagnosis and treatment and referral, versus zero before the interventions. Conclusion Models of community outreach services and peer education interventions are effective and feasible, which can significantly increase the correct knowledge, as well as change or reduce their risk behavior among community IDU.
出处
《华南预防医学》
2010年第3期1-4,8,共5页
South China Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
第六轮中国全球基金艾滋病项目(GD-GF6-09-24)
关键词
获得性免疫缺陷综合征
吸毒者
干预性研究
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Drug user
Intervention studies
