摘要
2001～2008年以8～10年树龄三月红荔枝为试材,进行荔枝营养生长期与生殖生长期氮磷钾需求特点及配方肥、进口复合肥、通用复混肥施用效果对比研究。结果表明,荔枝营养生长期与生殖生长期氮磷钾营养存在较大差异,采果后第1次抽梢转绿将成熟营养生长期叶片氮磷钾含量之比为1.000∶0.170∶0.518,秋梢老熟生殖生长期叶片氮磷钾含量之比为1.000∶0.172∶0.711,并粒生殖生长期叶片氮磷钾含量之比为1.000∶0.156∶0.680;在同等氮磷钾总养分施用条件下,配方肥处理荔枝鲜果平均产量33.145 t/ha,分别比进口复合肥、通用复混肥增产10.76%、17.93%,增收12753、20097元/ha。因此,荔枝营养生长期采用高氮低钾施用配方,生殖生长期采用低氮高钾施用配方,可满足荔枝正常生长发育对氮磷钾养分的平衡需求,显著提高肥料利用率。
The studies have been carried out during the year 2001-2008 using 8-10 years old Litchi tree variety Sanyuehong. The N, P and K contents during vegetative and reproductive stage of litchi were studied and formula fertilizer, imported compound fertilizer, common compound fertilizer were applied to investigate their effects on yield, economic traits and benefits. The ratios of N, P and K contents at vegetative and reproductive stage of litchi differed greatly. The N：P：K ratios in leaves at the first shoots greening premature of vegetative stage after harvest, autumn shoots aging of reproductive stage, and earlier stage of embryo development, were found to be 1.000：0.172：0.711, 1.000：0.156：0.680 and 1.000：0.156： 0.680, respectively. With the same N, P and K nutrient contents in different fertilizer treatments, the yield of fresh litchi fruit applied with formula fertilizer was 33.145 t/ha which was increased by 10.76, 17.93% with 12753.00 and 20097.00 Yuan RMB/ha increase in income as compared to imported compound fertilizer and common compound fertilizer. Therefore, applying formula fertilizer with higher nitrogen and lower potassium at vegetative stage, and lower potassium and higher nitrogen at reproductive stage of litchi could meet the balanced requirement of N, P and K for the proper growth and development of litchi and increase the fertilizer utilization significantly.
出处
《广西农业科学》
CSCD
2010年第5期452-455,共4页
Guangxi Agricultural Sciences
基金
广西科技攻关项目(桂科攻9721086)
关键词
荔枝
营养生长
生殖生长
营养特点
配方施肥
Lichi
vegetative growth
reproductive growth
nutritional characteristics
formula fertilizer
