摘要
针对空间碎片撞击航天器典型结构形成的碎片特征问题,开展了单层板和多层板在4.4～5.8km/s速度下的超高速撞击试验,利用激光阴影照相技术和碎片软回收方法获得了不同试验状态下碎片尺寸及质量分布等信息,同时采用数值仿真方法分析了碎片的形成机理。研究结果表明,碎片数量随弹丸及靶材尺度的增大、撞击速度的提高而增加,且随碎片尺寸的减小呈指数关系增长。碎片尺寸与其形成机理有关,小碎片主要是在应变率较高的冲击加载和相变作用下形成,对撞击速度的变化更为敏感;大碎片则是在较低应变率下,因靶材的穿孔损伤造成局部强度下降,在冲击作用下材料沿薄弱处撕裂并脱落而形成。
To study the characteristic of the debris cloud produced by projectile impacting a typical shield configuration of spacecraft,the 4.4～5.8 km/s hypervelocity impact tests on mono-and multi-plates have been carried out.The size and mass distribution of the fragmnets are obtained through laser shadowgraph and soft-recovery techniques.By using a numerical simulation method,the fragment mechanism is analyzed.It has been found that,the number of the fragments increases with the projectile size and the impact velocity,and with decrease of the fragments size,the number of cumulated fragments increases exponentially.The small fragments are generated due to impact loading with high starin rate and phase transition action,which is more sensitive to the impact velocity;the large fragments are generated at low strain rate,because the target structure ruptures and detaches at the places where the local target strength is weakened by projectile perforation.
出处
《宇航学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第6期1672-1677,共6页
Journal of Astronautics
关键词
超高速撞击
软回收
碎片云
Hypervelocity impact
Soft recovery
Debris cloud
