摘要
传统生态补偿以保护与改善生态环境、优化资源利用为目的,已不能体现其在生态保护、环境建设和区域发展方面的全部价值。新的区域发展形势对生态补偿机制提出了新的要求,生态补偿被认为是实现区域可持续发展和区域之间协调发展的重要手段。区域可持续发展和区域间协调发展是我国经济地理学的主要研究对象之一。如何从经济地理学的视角看待区域生态补偿,成为通过区域生态补偿机制的实施实现生态良好、经济发展和社会进步三位目标和谐发展的重要命题。从经济地理学的经典理论出发,在探讨区位论、产业结构演替理论、人地关系地域系统理论的基础上,分析了传统生态补偿的缺失和不足,并在现阶段我国以构建区域可持续和有序发展格局为目标的规划工作——主体功能区规划的基础上,就区域生态补偿的理论基础、目标导向和实施机制进行了探讨,将经济地理学的空间区位论、地域功能理论、区域发展空间均衡理论等充实到区域生态补偿的理论基础中,明确了以实现区域协调发展和基本公共服务均等化为目标导向,探索了政府主导、市场参与的区域生态补偿的实施模式,最后分析了实施难点、提出了相应的解决建议。
Traditional ecological compensation aims at protecting and ameliorating ecological environments, and optimizing the use of natural resources, which can not reveal the full value of it in view of its effect for ecological protection, environmental construction and regional development. The situation of regional development needs for the ecological compensation which is regarded as an important approach to realize the regional sustainable development and the coordination among regions. Regional sustainable devel-opments and the coordination among regions are one of the major research objects of Economic Geography. How to treat the regional ecological compensation from the perspective of Economic Geography is a key issue in order to realize the coordination among en-vironmental protection and amelioration, economic growth and social progress. Economic Geography provides new insights into its theoretical foundation. Based on rethinking of classical theories of Economic Geography, such as Location Theory, Theory of Indus-trial Structure Evolution and Theory of Human-Nature Relationship and Territorial System, we analyzed insufficiency of traditional ecological compensation mechanism. In view of the Major Function Oriented Zoning （MFOZ hereafter） that aims to build the sus-tainable and orderly regional development pattern of China, the target orientation and implement mechanism of regional ecological compensation were proposed based on the new theoretical foundation from Economic Geography. The target orientation that coordi-nates development and equalizes basic public services among regions is proposed. Hereafter, the government dominating and market participating implement model of ecological compensation under the framework of MFOZ was designed. Finally, the difficulties of carrying out regional ecological compensation were summarized and related suggestions were put forward.
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第6期1507-1512,共6页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40701044)
国家自然科学基金重点项目(40830741)
关键词
生态补偿
经济地理学
理论基础
主体功能区划
实施模式
ecological compensation
economic geography
theoretical foundation
MFOZ
implementation model
