摘要
选择了5株具有代表性的向日葵菌核病菌,初步测定了其生物学特性及其抗药性。结果表明,向日葵菌核病菌菌丝生长的最适温度在15～20℃之间;菌丝生长最适环境为中性和偏酸性;越冬条件下不同菌核及病残体埋入土壤中,病残体上菌丝不能越冬,而菌核能够越冬,且埋入土层越深菌丝生长速度越慢,产生菌核的重量也降低;向日葵菌核病菌对茄子、向日葵、油菜、向日葵的致病力存在差异;多菌灵对不同地理区域菌株的EC50为0.4977～0.2456μg.mL-1,其中最不敏感菌株与最敏感菌株EC50的比值为2.03,都为敏感菌株;腐霉利对不同地理区域菌株的EC50为1.2715～0.3333μg.mL-1,其中最不敏感菌株与最敏感菌株EC50的比值为3.81,都为敏感菌株,目前所采集的地点尚未出现抗药性菌株。研究为深入研究黑龙江省寒地向日葵菌核病菌的生物学特性及科学防控奠定了良好的基础。
Sclerotinia stem rot of sunflower caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was a world wide disease of sunflower in the sunflower growing regions. Five S. sclerotiorurn collected from various locations of Heilongjiang Province were used to determine biological characteristic and resistant to carbendazim and procymidon. The results showed that the optimal temperature of mycelium growth and sclerotia production was 15-20 ℃. The optimal environment of mycelium growth was neutral and acidic. The result indicated that S. sclerotiorum on plant residues couldn＇t go through winter, but sclerotia could. S. sclerotiorum isolates were differed in pathogenicity to eggplant, sunflower, rape and soybean. The results of sensitivity to carbendazim indicated that EC50 values of S. sclerotiorum strains ranged from 0.4977 to 0.2456 ug . mL-1 and EC50 of most insensitive fungus was 2.03 folds than EC50 of the most sensitivity. The results of sensitivity to procymidone indicated that EC50 values of S.sclerotiorum strains ranged from 1.2715 to 0,3333 ug .mL-1. EC50 of the most insensitive ones was 3.81 folds than those of EC50 ones. The above results suggested that recent S. sclerotiorum isolates collected from various locations of Heilongjiang Province couldn＇t produce resistance to two fungicides. This study laid a good foundation for the next phase of sunflower S. sclerotiorum in-depth study and scientific prevention and control.
出处
《东北农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第7期16-20,共5页
Journal of Northeast Agricultural University
基金
东北农业大学博士启动基金(2009RC48)
关键词
向日葵菌核病菌
生物学特性
抗药性
多菌灵
腐霉利
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
biological characteristic
fungicide resistance
carbendazim
procymidone
