摘要
目的了解我国不同职业吸烟人群的心理健康状况,为研究吸烟者的心理健康水平及加强控烟宣传教育提供理论依据。方法检索中国学术期刊网全文数据库(CNKI)及万方数据库,检索时间段为1979-2010年,检出关于吸烟和症状自评量表(SCL-90)的文献162篇(CNKI136篇,万方数据库26篇),下载全文进一步阅读,获得吸烟组与不吸烟组对照进行SCL-90测量的有效文献9篇,被调查者共9548人,涵盖了安徽、山东、广东等6个省4个地区。其中学生6223人(65.18%),军人1907人(19.97%),医务人员1418人(14.85%)。调查人群年龄范围为12～54岁。资料的提取与复查分别各由1名评价者独立进行。采用Meta分析专用软件Review Manager 5.0进行统计分析。结果吸烟组与不吸烟组的SCL-90得分状况的合并效应显示,吸烟组的整体心理健康水平低于不吸烟组。各因子效应量(ES=d)按大小顺序依次为:(1)敌对,d=0.330.28,0.38;(2)偏执,d=0.290.24,0.34;(3)总分,d=0.290.24,0.34;(4)阳性项目数,d=0.260.21,0.32;(5)强迫,d=0.250.20,0.31;(6)精神病性,d=0.240.19,0.29;(7)躯体化,d=0.230.18,0.28;(8)抑郁,d=0.230.18,0.28;(9)焦虑,d=0.230.18,0.28;(10)人际关系敏感,d=0.210.16,0.26;(11)恐怖,d=0.090.04,0.14。除恐怖因子无统计学意义外,其余各因子均为中效应(0.2<d<0.5,P<0.01),显示吸烟组心理损害范围广、程度较深,且以敌对因子效应值最大。结论吸烟人群的整体心理健康状况较不吸烟人群差,即自感不适症状多、程度重,其中以敌对倾向最为明显,其余依次为偏执、强迫、精神病性、躯体症状、抑郁、焦虑和人际关系敏感。社会应加强吸烟有害心理健康的宣传,预防有心理障碍的未吸烟人群开始吸烟,并帮助已吸烟者摆脱心理困扰,积极戒烟。
Objective To understand the mental health of different occupational smokers in China and provide evidence for its study and intervention.Methods The studies on smoking and self-report symptom inventory（SCL-90） were searched in CNKI and Wanfang electronic databases （1979-2010）.Valid 9 of 162 studies met the inclusion criteria were selected.A total of 9 548 participants met the criteria including students,soldiers and medical workers from 6 provinces and 4 areas aged 12-54 years old. Data extraction and check were independently conducted by one reviewer respectively.All data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.0 special software.Results Meta-analysis results showed：the general levels of smokers were lower than that of non-smokers according to the incorporative effects about the mental health of smokers and non-smokers.In an descending order,the effect size （ES=d） of 11 factors were as follows：hostility,d=0.33 0.28,0.38,paranoid ideation,d= 0.29 0.24,0.34;total score,d=0.29 0.24,0.34;number of positive items,d=0.26 0.21,0.32;obsessive compulsive,d=0.25 0.20,0.31;psychoticism,d=0.24 0.19,0.29;somatization,d=0.23 0.18,0.28;depression,d=0.23 0.18,0.28;anxiety ,d=0.23 0.18,0.28;interpersonal sensitivity,d=0.21 0.16,0.26;phobia anxiety,d=0.09 0.04,0.14.All the factors were middle effect （0.2〈d〈0.5,P〈0.01）except the phobia anxiety without statisticl significancy.Conclusions The general level on mental health of smokers is lower than that of non-smokers,especially on hostility,then paranoid ideation,obsessive compulsive,psychoticism,somatization,depression,anxiety and interpersonal sensitivity in turn.More attention should be paid to the mental health of smokers and antismoking propaganda should be strengthened among the masses.
出处
《中国临床研究》
CAS
2010年第7期556-559,共4页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Research
基金
国家十一.五科技支撑计划课题(2007BAI24B04)
辽宁省教育厅高校科研项目(2009A760)
中华医学会项目(070103200400
08020680146)
关键词
吸烟
心理健康
症状自评量表
META分析
Smoking
Mental health
Self-report symptom inventory
Meta-analysis
