摘要
晚清是一个国家主义狂飙的年代,在社会达尔文主义的导引之下,中国人相信优胜劣汰,相信强权就是公理,相信国家实力就是一切,致力于模仿19世纪西方文明中的国家主义与物质主义。日益弥漫的物质实利主义摧毁了中国的政治秩序和道德秩序,造成了民国初年的政治乱局与精神危机。不久后在欧洲爆发的世界大战,成为重要的历史转折点,中国知识分子在战争的废墟之中意识到国家主义与物质主义是现代文明两帖可怕的毒药,于是从生存竞争的迷雾中醒来,产生了五四时代广泛而多元的文明自觉,从以"力"为核心的国家建构转向了普世价值的新文明探求。近代中国的民族主义因而也结束了晚清时期的去价值、去道德的实力趋向,重新获得了普世性的文明基础和道德正当性。
Chinese people in the late Qing Dynasty was guided by social Darwinism and believed in nation power.Nationalism and materialism from the 19th Century＇s West was greeted with joy and imitation,and this led to the decline of political orders and spiritual crisis in China in the early time of the Republic of China.The world war to follow became the crucial turning point.Chinese intellectuals realized in the ruins of war that nationalism and materialism were poison,and the civilization consciousness,multiple and extensive,began to appear in the May Fourth.The nationalism in modern China regained its universal basis of civilization and moral justness.
出处
《复旦学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第4期1-14,共14页
Fudan Journal（Social Sciences）
基金
国家社会科学基金项目"现代中国思想中的个人与国家认同"(项目批准号:07BZSO44)
上海重点学科建设项目(项目号批准号:B405)的阶段性成果
