摘要
目的为了掌握宝山区工业企业苯系物职业危害现况及作业人员的健康状况,以便预防苯系物对工人健康产生损害。方法对区内46家工厂企业作业场所空气中苯、甲苯、二甲苯浓度进行采样和检测,收集92家工厂企业1018名接触苯系物工人的职业健康检查结果,使用专用的调查表对作业场所的职业卫生工程防护设施和作业人员使用的个人防护用品使用情况进行调查。结果甲苯浓度点合格率最低,为89%;苯和二甲苯浓度合格率均在90%以上。1018名工人中,体检结果正常者占74.3%,白细胞偏低者检出率为5.4%,检出有他疾患者占20.3%。男性其他疾患检出率高于女性,且差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.953,P<0.01)。接触混苯的作业人员体检正常率最低(60.2%),而白细胞偏低检出率最高(14.3%)。结论有关企业应做好职业卫生工程防护,为工人配备有效的个人防护用品,对职工加强职业卫生培训,做好职业健康监护工作,及时发现禁忌症和敏感人群,避免职业中毒的发生。
[Objective]To understand the occupational hazards of benzene series in industries of Baoshan District and the health status of operation workers,so as to prevent the harm of benzene series to workers＇ health.[Methods]Air concentration of benzene,toluene,xylene were measured in 46 local factories,and the health examination results of 1018 benzene exposed workers from 92 factories were analyzed.Usage of engineering protection facilities and personal protective equipments were also surveyed with special questionnaires.[Results]Benzene concentration in 89% work positions were under the allowable limit;concentrations of toluene and xylene were qualified in more than 90% work positions.Of 1018 workers;74.3% workers＇ health examination results were normal;5.4% were found with low level of leukocytes;20.3% were detected with other disorders.The detection rate of other disorders of male workers was significantly higher than that of female workers（χ2=6.953,P〈0.01）.Mixed benzene exposed workers had the lowest normal health examination rate（60.2%）,and the highest detection rate of low level leukocytes（14.3%）.[Conclusion]Enterprises should protect workers health by installation of protection facilities and providing effective personal protective equipments.In additional,industries should carry out occupational health education and occupational health surveillance to immediately find out contraindications and sensitive groups and prevent occupational poisoning.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2010年第15期1688-1690,共3页
Occupation and Health
关键词
苯系物
职业危害
调查
Benzene series
Occupational hazards
Survey
