摘要
目的了解精神科医院感染的特点,调查精神科医院感染的相关因素,以预防和控制精神科医院感染。方法对2008年1月1日至2009年12月31日精神科住院患者,在前瞻性监测的同时进行回顾调查。结果 1 579例精神科住院病人发生医院感染79例次,医院感染率为5.0%。精神科男、女患者的医院感染率无显著差异(P>0.05)。感染部位以上呼吸道感染(48.1%)、胃肠道感染(20.3%)及下呼吸道感染(15.2%)为主。呼吸道感染主要好发于春季和冬季,胃肠道感染好发于夏、秋季,泌尿道感染相对以夏季多发。79例医院感染者均使用抗菌药物治疗,以广谱抗生素头孢类与喹诺酮类为主,临床标本送检率为7.6%。结论精神科医院应结合自身的特点,开展医院感染监控工作,减少医院感染的发生,同时要规范抗菌药物的合理使用。
Objective To study the characteristics of nosocomial infections in asylum and to analyze the related factors so as to improve prevention and control measures.Methods Both prospective and retrospective studies were carried out among psychiatric inpatients form January 1,2008 to December 31,2009.Results Altogether 79 patients were infected among 1 579 inpatients,the incidence rate of nosocomial infections was 5.0% ,there was no significant difference between male and female patients （ P〈0.05） .The upper respiratory tract infections,gastrointestinal infections and lower respiratory tract infections were the top 3 kinds of infections.Respiratory tract infections mainly occured in spring and winter,gastrointestinal tract infections usually occurred in summer and autumn,urinary tract infections occurred in summer.Antibiotic therapy was applied in 79 cases of nosocomial infections,mainly of which was broad-spectrum antibacterials such as cephalosporins and quinolones.Conclusion Asylum should be combined with the characteristics of its own to carry out the work of nosocomial infection monitoring and control,so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections,while it is very necessary for rational application of antimicrobial drugs.
出处
《临床和实验医学杂志》
2010年第16期1234-1235,1237,共3页
Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
关键词
精神科
医院感染
调查
Asylum
Nosocomial infection
Investigation
