摘要
城市地下工程建设是一个极其复杂的系统工程,存在较大的不确定性和安全风险。在对地层变形及安全事故机理系统分析的基础上,提出并建立了基于技术主导的5阶段安全风险控制体系,明确提出了分类、分级管理的技术方案,实现了建设管理的规范化;基于地层变形与结构稳定性的分析,将地表沉降控制标准由30mm调整为60mm,实现了突破;基于隧道施工过程力学分析,建立了地层与结构变位分配的系统理论与方法,做到微米量级的分阶段控制,实行了精细化设计;基于注浆抬升机理的分析,阐明了结构变位注浆恢复的原理,并给出了相应的设计方法、效果预测及其评价体系,使结构修复更加科学化;在超近距运营地铁、长大公路隧道及复杂建筑群条件下实现了大跨度隧道的安全施工,控制标准实现了技术突破,整体上推进了该类工程施工技术水平的提高。该项技术自2002年以来结合深圳地铁一期工程、北京地铁、南水北调工程、大连城市隧道工程、厦门机场路隧道工程等建设进行了系统的研究,将结构沉降控制在毫米量级内,保证了工程安全,节约了数亿多元投资。目前已形成了安全风险管理体系和施工技术指南,并在各重点工程中得到推广应用,从整体上提升了我国地下工程信息化施工的技术水平。
Urban underground construction is extremely complicated system engineering. There exist great uncertainties as well as safety risks during construction. According to system analysis of the mechanism of stratum deformation and underground engineering accident,whole process safety risk management system including 5-stage technology-based new system is put forward. Technical schemes which focus on category management and management at different levels are clearly put forward. All theses systems motioned above are connected with standardized management in underground construction. Based on the characteristics of stratum deformation and the analysis of structure stability,ground surface settlement control standard is adjusted from 30 mm to 60 mm which is a breakthrough in Beijing underground engineering. According to mechanical analysis at every stage of construction,system theory of displacement distribution control about ground and structure is established,micron scaled phase-control is introduced to achieve precise design. The principle of grouting used for existing structure recovery is elaborated,moreover,corresponding design method,forecast and evaluation systems for grouting effect is brought forward which makes structure repair more scientific. On the condition of newly-built subway passing through existing subway,large-span tunnel constructed under complex building group,control standards for these kinds of projects achieve technological breakthrough,which as a whole promote construction technology of such kind underground engineering to a high level. This kind of technology is adopted and perfected in the first-stage construction of Shenzhen subway,Beijing Subway,South-to-North Water Transfer Project,Urban tunnel construction in Dalian,Xiamen Airdrome tunnel and so on,which successfully control both ground settlement and structure deformation and guarantee the safety of the project. What＇s more,hundreds of millions of Yuan of investment is saved. At present both safety risk management system and construction technology guide have been formed,whose applications have been widely spread in all kinds of underground engineering. They play an important role in the development of information construction for underground engineering.
基金
高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(200800040009)
国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2006AA11Z119)
关键词
城市地下工程
安全风险
控制体系
动态过程控制
注浆抬升
urban underground engineering
safety risk
control system
dynamic process control
uplift grouting
