摘要
目的:评价中国青少年学生的生活满意度情况,探讨生活满意度与青少年心理行为问题的相关关系。方法:以地区和城乡分层,从全国8个城市中抽取17,622名青少年学生,进行多维学生生活满意度量表(Multidimensional Students'Life Satisfaction Scale,MSLSS)、焦虑自评量表(Self-rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(Self-rating Depression Scale,SDS)、健康危害行为自评问卷的测定。结果:(1)青少年总体生活满意度较高(4.99±0.94)。(2)不同性别、年级、年龄、城乡、自评家庭经济状况、父母受教育程度的青少年生活满意度差异有统计学意义。女生的一般、家庭、朋友和学校满意度得分均高于男生[如,一般(4.56±0.56)vs.(4.50±0.63),P<0.001],而自我满意度得分低于男生[(4.75±0.72)vs.(4.80±0.88),P<0.001];除朋友维度,其他维度得分均是高中阶段最低;除学校维度外,城镇学生一般和各维度得分均高于农村[如,一般(4.56±0.61)vs.(4.48±0.56),P<0.001];自评家庭经济状况越好,MSLSS的一般和各维度得分越高;父母受教育程度越高,MSLSS的一般和各维度得分越高;不同年龄学生一般和各维度生活满意度差异均有统计学意义,在15～16岁时评分最低(4.44±0.56)。(3)生活满意度高是抑郁、焦虑、吸烟、饮酒、自杀意念、自杀计划、自杀行为的保护因素(OR=0.17～0.68)。结论:中国青少年生活满意度存在人口统计学差异;同时与心理行为问题密切相关。
Objective： To assess the demographic characteristics associated with life satisfaction in adolescents of China, and to explore the association between life satisfaction and psychological disorders. Methods： A total of 17622 adolescents of eight cities in China participated in a school-based survey and completed the Multidimensional Students＇Life Satisfaction Scale （ MSLSS ）, including depress, anxiety and health-risk behaviors. Results： （ 1 ） The average total life satisfactory score was （ 4. 99 ± 0. 94 ） . （ 2 ） There were significant difference in adolescent life satisfactory score in respect to different sex, grade, age, area, self-rating economic status and parental educa- tional level. Average score of life satisfactory in total, family, friend and school domain in girls were significantly higher than that in boys [such as, general life satisfaction, （4.56 ±0.56） vs. （4.50 ±0.63） , P〈0.001], whereas the scores of self life satisfactory were lower than that in boys [ （ 4.75 ±0. 72 ） vs. （ 4. 80 ± 0. 88 ）, P 〈 0. 001 ] . Life satisfactory was the lowest among high school students except in friend life satisfactory, and was lower in students from rural areas except school life satisfactory. Scores of life satisfactory was increased with the increase of self-rating economic status and parental educational level. Adolescents aged 15 - 16 years reported the lowest score of life satisfactory in all domains （ 4.44 ± 0. 56 ） . （ 3 ） Higher life satisfaction was a protective factor of depress, anxiety, smoking, drinking, suicidal ideation, suicidal plans or suicidal attempts （ OR = 0. 17± 0. 68 ） . Conclusion： There are significant demographic differences in life satisfaction in Chinese adolescents. Life satisfaction is significantly correlated to psycho-behavior disorders.
出处
《中国心理卫生杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第8期613-618,共6页
Chinese Mental Health Journal
基金
国家高技术"863"研究发展计划项目(2006AA02Z427)
关键词
多维生活满意度
心理测定学
青少年
中国
横断面调查
multidimensional life satisfaction
psychometrics
adolescence
China
cross-sectional studies
