摘要
以北京、上海、广州、兰州、昆明等5个城市30个中等收入城市家庭为研究对象,探讨了家庭规模、家庭结构对生活污水排放特征的影响.结果表明,城市家庭生活污水中各污染物排放量随家庭规模增大而增大,其中受家庭规模经济影响,COD、BOD的排放强度呈现出较为明显的边际递减规律,而TN、TP主要受家庭居民个体因素影响;综合考虑家庭规模、家庭结构的影响,首次提出家庭污染等效因子,把所考察的家庭转换成"等价(参照)家庭",相对于参照家庭而言,所考察的家庭的污染排放状况与家庭污染等效因子成正比,由此反映不同家庭类型与生活污水排放之间的特定关系.
Taking thirty middle-income urban families in Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,Lanzhou and Kunming as the research object,relationships between household scale,household structure and emission characteristics of domestic sewage were investigated.The results showed that environmental impact increased with increasing household scale.Due to scale economic effect,pollutant indicators of COD and BOD presented marginal decrease.While the results of TN,TP were mainly influenced by individual factors of family members.Taking both household scale and household structure into account, household equivalence factor method was firstly proposed for estimating pollutant emission in different household types.
出处
《中国环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第8期1149-1152,共4页
China Environmental Science
基金
国务院污染源普查专项(WPXC2007C200)
关键词
城市家庭
家庭规模
家庭结构
生活污水
urban family
household scale
household structure
domestic sewage
