摘要
目的 了解长春地区0～6岁儿童营养状况及影响因素.方法 采取分层整群抽样的方法 确定样本量,测量儿童身高、体重,采用2006年世界卫生组织推荐的儿童身高体重标准进行体格评价,对家长进行儿童营养状况的问卷调查,并统计分析相关变量与儿童营养的关系.结果 调查的儿童体重低下率为2.10%,发育迟缓率为5.86%,肥胖率为9.32%.不同民族儿童的发育迟缓率、体重低下率、肥胖率比较无显著性差异（χ2分别为0.0573、0.0042、0.0492,均P〉0.05）.父母的职业、文化程度、家庭经济收入、家庭饮食特点、儿童的饮食行为与儿童营养状况有关,其儿童的体重低下率、发育迟缓率、肥胖率比较有显著性差异（均P〈0.05）.父母社会地位低、文化程度低、家庭经济收入低,其子女体重低下率、发育迟缓率高;父母社会地位高、文化程度高、家庭经济收入高,其子女肥胖率高.以素食为主的家庭,其子女发育迟缓率最高,为9.34%;以肉食为主的家庭,其子女肥胖率最高,为8.79%.偏好小食品者,肥胖率最高,为11.20%.结论 环境因素是影响儿童营养状况的重要因素,尤其是经济因素.家长是否具备科学喂养儿童的知识,能否为儿童提供营养平衡的膳食,以及儿童的饮食行为直接影响着儿童的营养状况.
Objective To investigate nutritional status and influencing factors of children aged 0 -6 years in Changchun city. Methods In stratified cluster sampling method, sample size was determined and children＇ s body height and body weight were measured. The nutritional status of the child was evaluated according to standards recommended by WHO in 2006. The children＇ s parents were investigated with a questionnaire for their children ＇ s nutritional status and influencing factors. The data were analyzed statistically. Results The prevalence of underweight among 0 - 6 years old children was 2.10% , the prevalence of hypoevolutism was 5.86% and prevalence of simple obesity was 9.32%. In prevalence rates of underweight, hypoevolutism and simple obesity, there were no significant differences between children with different nationalities （x^2 = 0.0573, 0.0042, 0.0492 respectively, all P 〉 0.05 ）. Parents＇ occupation, education background, family income, family diet habits and children＇ s diet habits were all associated with children＇ s nutritional status. And between children in different groups in prevalence rates of underweight, hypoevolutism and simple obesity, there were significant differences （ all P 〈 0.05 ）. The lower the parents＇ social class, education background and family income, the higher the prevalence rates of children＇ s underweight and hypoevolutism, and the higher the parents＇ social class, education background and family income, the higher the prevalence rate of children＇ s simple obesity. The prevalence rate of hypoevolutism among those children whose family mainly eat vegetarian diet was the highest （ 9.34% ） ; the prevalence rate of obesity among those children whose family mainly eat carnivorous food was the highest（ 8.79% ）. Among those children who preferred snacks, the prevalence rate of obeisity was the highest （ 11.20% ）. Conclusion The family environmental factors, especially economic factors are important influencing factor of nutritional status of the children. Whether the parents have knowledge about sientific child-raising, whether the parents supply nutritive and balanced diets for their child/children and children ＇ s diet behaviors directly affect nutritional status of the children.
出处
《中国妇幼健康研究》
2010年第4期417-420,共4页
Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research
关键词
0~6岁
儿童
营养状况
影响因素
0 - 6 years old
children
nutritional status
influencing factor
