摘要
通过在武汉市的城区和城郊进行现场调查采样与室内分析,研究了其0-20 cm表层土壤中6种典型重金属的积累状况,并采用污染指数法对土壤污染状况进行了评价。结果显示:土壤中Hg、As、Cd、Pb、Cr和Cu 6种重金属平均含量均是城区高于城郊。参照湖北省土壤背景值来看,城区土壤中Hg、Pb和Cd积累明显,分别超过其背景值186.1%,83.2%和76.6%,主要集中在交通区,工业区和公园区这3大功能区;城郊土壤中重金属Hg、Cd、Pb和Cu积累明显,其中最明显的是林地土壤Hg,比相应背景值高266.8%,除林地土壤As超过背景值13.8%外,蔬菜地、旱地和水田这3种利用方式下土壤中的As和所有城郊土壤中Cr,其含量均在湖北省土壤背景值之下。从单因子评价结果看,武汉市土壤中6种重金属的单项污染指数都小于0.7,其中Cd污染指数最大,其次为As、Hg、Cu、Cr和Pb;综合因子评价结果显示城区各功能区和城郊不同利用方式下土壤的综合污染指数均小于0.7,处于清洁无污染状态。
The accumulation characteristics of Hg,As,Cd,Pb,Cr and Cu in 0-20 cm topsoil were studied by means of area sampling and laboratory detection from various suburbs and urban districts in Wuhan city,and the pollution status of those heavy metals were evaluated with the pollution index based on the background level of heavy metals in topsoil from Hubei province.The result showed that the average concentrations of Hg,As,Cd,Pb,Cr,and Cu in topsoil from urban districts were all higher than those from suburbs.By comparison to the background concentration of soil elements in Hubei province,Hg,Pb,and Cd contents in urban topsoils accumulated significantly,especially in traffic areas,industrial districts and park districts,and their average contents exceeded corresponding standard levels 186.1%,83.2% and 76.6%,respectively.The contents of Hg,Cd,Pb,and Cu also had significant accumulation in Wuhan suburb soils.Among the suburb soils,the average content of Hg in woodland soils exceeded its standard level 266.8%.Besides As in woodland which exceeded background value 13.8%,the contents of As in vegetable field,dry land,and paddy soils,and Cr in all suburban soils were all lower than the background level of heavy metals in topsoils of Hubei province.According to single-factor evaluation results,the pollution index of Hg,As,Cd,Pb,Cr,and Cu in soils of Wuhan were all less than 0.7.Cd pollution in soils was most serious,followed by As,Hg,Cu,Cr,and Pb.Comprehensive evaluation showed that soil pollution index were all less than 0.7 from both various use type in suburbs and different function districts in urban,which indicated topsoils in Wuhan kept the clean non-polluting condition.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第4期135-139,共5页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BADA7B03)
关键词
土壤重金属
污染评价
武汉市
soil heavy metal
pollution evaluation
Wuhan
