摘要
目的:探索留守儿童免疫预防对策。方法:将事先制定好的干预方案免疫对策与措施按照要求在全县实施后,在20个乡镇(区)中用随机抽样的方法从每个乡镇随机抽取2个村,每村调查10名适龄儿童,了解其免疫状况,并根据其父母外出情况判断调查儿童为留守儿童或常规儿童,将留守儿童和常规儿童接种情况进行比较,评估干预免疫对策与措施效果。资料用Excel2003录入,用χ2检验或四格表精确概率法分析。结果:本次采用了查漏补种、健康教育、增加服务模式、加强督导、实施信息化管理和建立部门联合的长效机制等综合性措施。现场共调查适龄儿童400名,其中常规儿童300名,留守儿童93名,外地来怀临时居住儿童7名,常规儿童和留守儿童"五苗"全程免疫接种率分别为97.33%和94.62%,经统计学分析,二者无显著性差异(χ校2=0.89,P>0.05)。调查显示,实施干预免疫对策与措施后,留守儿童各种疫苗接种率和接种及时率也与常规儿童基本一致,无显著性差异,而留守儿童各种疫苗接种率和接种及时率在干预免疫对策与措施实施前后有显著性差异。结论:采取的留守儿童免疫预防干预措施对策是切实可行的,可以有效提高留守儿童免疫接种水平。
Objective To explore immune measures of rear children.Methods Two villages were chosen in each of 20 townships with random sampling after the immunization measures was carried out.Ten children were investigated in each village.And the vaccination status of rear children was compared with conventional children The data was input in Excel 2003 and analyzed in χ2 test or Fisher's exact probability.Results Comprehensive measures were used,including re-vaccination for children without inoculation,health education,increase in service pattern,improvement of inspection,computer management,and establishment of persistent cooperative system etc.Altogether 400 children were investigated,300 conventional children,93 rear children,7 children from other areas who then lived in Huaiyuan county.The vaccination coverage rate of conventional children and rear children was 97.33% and 94.62% respectively.There was no difference between them with statistical analysis(χ2=0.89,P>0.05).The survey showed that inoculation rates of conventional children and rear children were accordant.However,The rear children's inoculation rates were statistically different before and after immunization measures accomplished.Conclusion Immunization measures for rear children that we adopted are practical and feasible.It may raise the rear children's immune vaccination level effectively.
出处
《中国农村卫生事业管理》
2010年第8期671-673,共3页
Chinese Rural Health Service Administration
基金
卫生部/联合国儿童基金会项目-"留守儿童预防接种现况及影响因素的研究"(编号:1-31)
关键词
留守儿童
免疫
干预对策
评估
rear children
immunization
measure
assessment
