摘要
提出基于指标权重的综合水质标识指数法,旨在表达河流综合水质信息,做出合理的定量评价。其主要程序为:首先使用层次聚类分析方法对数据进行分类,然后以水质目标为基础,采用超标法确定各指标的权重,最后用各指标的单因子水质标识指数的加权和求得综合水质标识指数,以此作为依据来进行水质评价。以2007—2008年海河4个监测断面的96组水质监测数据为例,评价结果表明海河水质污染严重,水质表现出较强的季节性变化。1—2月各断面水质最差,多为劣Ⅴ类标准;4月和9月的上游调水使水质得到改善;7—8月以及10—11月发生富营养化现象,导致水质大幅下降。由于下游污染物的排放,二道闸断面水质劣于前3个断面。
The method of comprehensive water quality identification index based on index weights was proposed in order to reflect comprehensive water quality information which leads to reasonable quantitative evaluation. The main procedures include the application of hierarchical cluster analysis for data classification, followed by determination of weight of each index by using over-standard method based on the target of water quality management. Finally, the weights of single factor water quality identification index are summed up to obtain the comprehensive water quality identification index for water quality as- sessment. Due to the weak biodegradability of samples, the weights of dissolved oxygen achieved with over-standard method are more appropriate and reasonable than those achieved with entropy method and factor analysis. Total 96 water samples which originated from four sections of Haihe River during 2007 - 2008 were taken. The assessment factors contained four water quality indexes （CODMn, DO, BOD5 and NH4＋ -N） . The results concluded that Haihe River is heavily polluted and water quality of Haihe River exhibited distinct seasonal variation. Water quality belonged to Class inferior V in January and February. The supplement of upstream water in April and September improved the water quality, while eutrophication happened from June to August and October to November dramatically resulted in poor water quality. Owing to the downstream pollutant discharges, water quality of the section Erdaozha was the worst compared to three upstream sections.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第4期55-58,共4页
Journal of Safety and Environment
关键词
环境工程学
水质评价
层次聚类分析
综合水质标识指数
权重
海河
environmental engineering
water quality assessment
hierarchical cluster analysis
comprehensive waterquality identification index
weight
Haihe River
