摘要
现阶段,危险化学品的运输仅以风险性最小作为目标,没有把道路运输费用和风险性综合考虑。利用Floyd算法首先确定事故概率矩阵,再确定运输距离矩阵和总费用矩阵,从经济角度建立危险废物处置中心选址数学模型。模型通过选择经济合理、事故概率低的最优路径来确定危险废物处置中心的场址,并通过数字实例讨论了危险废物处置中心选址算法的步骤。通过与风险最小作为目标或纯道路运输费用作为目标所得的结论相比较,论证了模型的有效性。
Nowadays, transportation of hazardous chemicals is only targeting for minimal risks without taking transportation cost into consideration. In order to solve the above problem, a mathematical mod- el for selecting the hazardous wastes disposal location is set up with e- conomic perspective. The site of hazardous wastes disposal is determined by choosing the economical optimized path which having low probability of accident. Due to the preference of road transportation as the mode for hazardous waste, there the model is established and discussed from the perspective of the road transportation. In this pa- per, the accident probability matrix is initially determined by using Floyd algorithm. Then the distance matrix is determined using the accident probability matrix. Price multiplies with the distance matrix equal to the transport cost. Accident probability matrix multiplies with the charge dealing with an incident means the incident handling charges. Freight and incident handling charges were added to the total cost of transportation, and the candidate with the lowest total cost is the optimal location of hazardous waste disposal center. In order to describe clearly the calculation steps of the model mentioned, it is discussed through examples in this paper. At the same time, the va- lidity of the model is proved by comparing with the conclusions which targeting merely the lowest risk or road transport cost. Although the model takes the charges of handling incidents and freight into account, there are still some limitations practically. For instance, different hazards have varied handling charges, and the accuracy of accident probability is not satisfying because it only considers from the perspective of road transportation.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第4期180-183,共4页
Journal of Safety and Environment
关键词
交通运输安全工程
危险废物
优化选址
数学模型
traffic and transportation safety engineering
hazardouswastes
the best location
mathematic model
