摘要
目的了解综合性ICU医院内感染现况。方法采用横断面调查方法,调查2008年10月10日嘉兴地区综合性ICU患者的医院感染情况。结果共调查ICU患者89例,现患率50.56%,例次感染率为66.29%;最常见的感染部位为下呼吸道(66.11%),其次为泌尿道和血液;引起医院感染的病原菌中以铜绿假单胞菌最多(21.66%),其次为肺炎克雷伯菌(20.00%)、鲍氏不动杆菌(11.66%)、白色假丝酵母菌(8.34%);抗菌药物横断面使用率77.53%,一联用药占66.67%,以治疗性用药为主(65.22%);多因素分析显示,ICU医院感染的危险因素有气管插管、气管切开、留置深静脉导管。结论综合性ICU医院感染现患率高,以下呼吸道为主,感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,真菌比例高,气管插管、气管切开、留置深静脉导管是ICU医院感染的危险因素,应加强对ICU医院感染的监测,积极采取预防控制措施,减少医院感染的发生。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the nosocomial infection（NI） prevalence rates in comprehensive intensive care units.METHODS A prevalence survey of NI in patients in comprehensive intensive care units of Jiaxing in Zhejiang was conducted on Oct 10th,2008.RESULTS All of 89 patients were investigated,the prevalence rate was 50.56%,and the case prevalence rate was 66.29%.The most common NI site was lower respiratory tract（66.10%）,followed by urinary tract and bacteremia.The most common pathogen in NI was Pseudomonas aeruginosa（21.67%）,followed by Klebsiella spp（20.00%）,Acinetobacter baumannii（11.66%）,and Candida albicans（8.34%）.The transverse section use rate of antimicrobials was 77.53%.Of all antimicrobial takers,66.67% were given single drug,65.22% of all cases were intended for active treatment.It was found that the risk factors for ICU-acquired infections were endotracheal intubation,tracheostomy and indwelling deep CV catheter by multivariate analysis.CONCLUSION The prevalence of NI in comprehensive ICUs is high,the most common infection site is lower respiratory tract,the major pathogens in NI are Gram-negative bacilli and the rate of fungi is high,the risk factors of NI in ICU are endotracheal intubation,tracheostomy and indwelling deep CV catheter.A specific surveillance should be conducted in ICU,certain preventive measures should be adopted to control and decrease NI.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第18期2762-2764,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
医院感染
重症监护病房
现患率调查
Nosocomial infection
Intensive care unit
Prevalence survey
