摘要
目的探讨芜湖市麻疹流行特征,为完善预防控制措施,有效控制麻疹流行提供理论依据。方法对芜湖市1950-2008年麻疹监测报告资料及期间开展的麻疹防治相关资料进行分析。结果 1950-2008年芜湖市麻疹年平均发病率为92.51/10万,病死率为0.66%,麻疹发病率总体呈现随年代下降趋势,但有2～4年周期性升高现象;在推广使用麻疹疫苗后,麻疹发病显著下降,并较长时间维持低发病水平,但2005年后出现疫情的反弹,2008年出现地区性暴发疫情。2000年后病例年龄分布出现显著改变,小于1岁儿童、25～30岁2个年龄段病例显著增多。结论芜湖市麻疹发病率总体呈下降趋势,近年麻疹发病呈现疫苗后时期特征,提示相应免疫策略需要及时修订调整。
Objective To determine the shift of the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Wuhu City,and to provide valuable information for developing timely and appropriate public health interventions.Methods Data about the patients with measles during 1950 through 2008 were collected according to the National Disease Surveillance System.Results From 1950 to 2008,in Wuhu City,the annual incidence rate of measles was 92.51 per 100 000 population,the average CFR was 0.66%.Periodic epidemics occurred every 2～4 years.A downward trend of the incidence was observed during the study period,especially in the post-vaccine period,the number of cases of measles was declined to a few per year,and maintaining the low level of incidence for many years.In 2005 and 2008,there were outbreaks of measles occurred in our areas,the incidence increased significantly.Changing in the age distribution of the patients with measles has been observed since 2000,children age under 1 year and the adults age between 25 and 30 years were most affected.Conclusions A downward trend of incidence of measles in Wuhu City was observed following widespread vaccination against measles.In post-vaccine period,it is necessary to adjust the immunization strategy and the schedule,because changing in the epidemiological characteristics in measles was significant.
出处
《中华疾病控制杂志》
CAS
2010年第7期635-637,共3页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention
关键词
流行特征
麻疹
预防
Epidemiology
Measles
Prevention
