摘要
汇总并分析了20世纪80年代初以来东海陆扰海域重金属排海通量年变化规律及主要来源,应用多介质海洋环境中重金属迁移-转化模型,估算了东海陆扰海域重金属海洋环境容量。20世纪80年代初以来,东海陆扰海域铜、铅、锌、镉排海总量整体上呈不对称的倒"U"形变化趋势,基本符合"环境库兹涅茨曲线",20世纪90年代达到最大值,当前排海总量仍高于20世纪80年代初期的水平。东海陆扰海域铜、铅、锌、镉污染物主要来源于以河流为主的陆源排放,其中88.0%左右来源于河流排放,7.5%左右来源于排污口,只有4.5%左右来源于大气沉降。长江流域排海通量占东海陆扰海域排海总量的比例最大,平均为92.4%左右,钱塘江流域平均只有3.9%左右,闽江流域平均只有3.7%左右。东海陆扰海域铜、铅、锌、镉污染物海洋环境容量分别约为17.0,4.7,113.1,0.71 kt/a。当前铅、锌、镉污染物排海总量没有超过东海陆扰海域海洋环境容量,但铜的排海总量超过其海洋环境容量大约8%。
Heavy metals fluxes into the sea and their sources since of the 1980s have been collected and analyzed in the sea area of the East China Sea interferenced by terrigenous matter（SAECSIT）.And based on a heavy metal transference-translation model in multimedia sea environment,the environmental capacity in the SAECSIT is estimated for the first time.Since the begining of the 1980s,changing trend of the total fluxes of contamination Cu,Pb,Zn and Cd into the SAECSIT basically has showed inverse ＂U＂ pattern,conforming with ＂environmental Kuznets curves＂ on the whole.The tatal fluxes of them increased to the maximum values in the 1990s,and in present still were higher than those at the beginning of the 1980s.For the main source of Cu,Pb,Zn and Cd into the SAECSIT,the terringenous discharge,especially from rivers,is overwhelmingly dominant,being up to 88.0% on average;sewage takes second place,being 7.5% approximately;the sediment from atmosphere is the smallest,being 5.5% on average.The fluxes from the Changjiang drainage area are the highest,being up to 92.4% of the total fluxes into the SAECSIT on average,those from the Qiantang River being 3.9% approximately and those from the Minjiang River being 3.7% on average.The environmental capacities of Cu,Pb,Zn and Cd in the SAECSIT are computed to be approximately 17.00,4.70,113.1,0.71 kt/a.The present gross discharge fluxes of Pb,Zn and Cd in SAECSIT do not exceed their environmental capacities,but the flux of Cu is 8% higher than its environmental capacity.
出处
《海洋学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第4期62-76,共15页
基金
南京信息工程大学科研基金项目
国家自然科学基金重大项目"上层海洋-底层大气生物地球化学与物理过程耦合研究"(40490262)
国家海洋局"九○八"专项项目(908-02-02-03)
关键词
排海通量
海洋环境容量
重金属
东海
flux into sea
environmental capacity
heavy metal
East China Sea
