摘要
Laparoscopic procedure as a minimally invasive surgery has been introduced into many abdominal surgeries. Smaller incisions of the abdominal wall reduce postoperative pain and the risk of wound complications, and provide an excellent cosmetic result compared with open surgery. Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery （NOTES）, a no-scar surgery, is a hot spot of modern surgery. However,
Laparoscopic procedure as a minimally invasive surgery has been introduced into many abdominal surgeries. Smaller incisions of the abdominal wall reduce postoperative pain and the risk of wound complications, and provide an excellent cosmetic result compared with open surgery. Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery （NOTES）, a no-scar surgery, is a hot spot of modern surgery. However,
基金
This research was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30772132）.
