摘要
统一设计多点布置的试验结果表明，高播量（２４７．５ｋｇ／ｈｍ２）小麦垄盖膜际条播栽培比常规露地条播栽培平均增产１０５８ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，增幅４１．８９％，增加经济纯收益１１２１．８２元／ｈｍ２；比覆膜穴播栽培平均增产７７７ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，增幅２３．０９％。相对露地条播栽培，垄盖膜际条播小麦的增产作用是在出苗率提高后保持了成穗数基本没有减少的基础上，通过延长幼穗分化天数增加穗粒数，延缓灌浆进程提高千粒重来实现的；相对覆膜穴播栽培，其增产作用则是通过产量综合性状的改善来实现的。小麦垄盖膜际条播栽培能够聚集雨水，变无效降水为有效降水，抑制蒸发，提高了土壤的蓄水保水性能。在此基础上，通过促进根系扩展，增强了对深层土壤水分的吸收能力；较大的叶面积系数又增大了有效蒸腾耗水比例，这是垄盖膜际条播小麦增产的生理生态学原理。相对小麦覆膜穴播栽培，垄盖膜际条播栽培是既解决了保墒提墒与接纳雨水相统一的问题，又不存在早衰现象的另一种地膜覆盖栽培模式。
The results of uniformly designed and multipoint test show that cultivation of drill seeding of wheat between film-mulched ridges with a high seeding rate (247.5kg/hm2) achieved an average increase of 1058kg/hm2 in the yield ,41.89% up over that of conventional open ground drilling cultivation and fulfiled a net income increase of 1121.8 Yuan/hm2; and an average increase of 777kg/hm2 in the yield ,23.09% up over that of mulch-covering and bunch planting cultivation. Compared with open ground drilling cultivation, the yield increase of wheat of drill seeding between film-mulched ridges was achieved by , on the basis of increased seedling emergence rate with little decline in the number of earbearing tillers, increasing the number of grains per ear through extending days of differentiation of young ears and upgrading thousand kernel weight through prolonging of milking process; Compared with mulch-covering and bunch planting cultivation, the increase in the yield was realized by the improvement in the
出处
《宁夏农林科技》
1999年第3期1-6,共6页
Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology
关键词
春小麦
垄盖膜际条播
经济效益
生态效益
栽培
Spring wheat
Cultivation of drill seeding between film-mulched ridges
Yield
Biological effect
Econmic benefit
Ecological benefit.comprehensive yield character. With cultivation of drill seeding of wheat between film-mulched ridges, more rainfall can
