摘要
目的：探究医学专业大学生的负性心态、应对方式以及寻求专业性心理帮助的态度之间的关系。方法：从某大学医学院分层随机抽样的方法选取受试714人，男生364人，女生350人，年龄16—28岁，抽样涵盖了该医学院所有专业的不同年级。用标准抑郁焦虑紧张量表（Depression，Anxiety，Stress Scale42，DASS-42）、简易应对方式量表（Simple Coping Strategy Questionnaire，SCSQ）和心理健康服务求助态度量表（Inventory of Attitudes Towed Seeking Mental Health Services，IASMHS）进行匿名问卷调查，测评医学专业大学生的负性心态、应对方式和寻求专业性心理帮助的态度。并根据DASS-42的分级，将受试分为有心理问题组（n=102）和无心理问题组（n=612），观察两组被试对待专业性心理求助的不同态度及其相关因素。结果：（1）女生在DASS-42的紧张维度和IASMHS总分及心理开放程度、不在意社会污名维度上得分均高于男生[如，紧张维度（12．1±6．9）VS．（10．8±7．0），P〈0．05]。无心理问题组SCSQ的积极应对得分和IASMHS总分及心理求助倾向、不在意社会污名维度得分均高于有心理问题组[如，IASMHS总分（41．8±9．1）VS．（38．9±9．3），P〈0．01]，而SCSQ的消极应对得分低于有心理问题组[（7．9±3．7）VS．（10．0±4．0），P〈0．001]。（2）对无心理问题组，性别（β=0．179）、紧张水平（β=-0．116）、消极应对（β=-0．190）和积极应对（β=0．199）与专业性心理求助态度有关（均P〈0．01），而有心理问题组，仅有积极应对（β=0．277，P〈0．05）和家庭收入（β=0．244P〈0．05）与专业性心理求助态度有关。结论：寻求专业性心理求助的态度与性别、负性心态、应对方式密切相关。无心理问题组的医学专业学生更倾向于采用积极的应对方式，寻求专业性心理求助态度水平也更高。有无心理问题的医学生群体在寻求专业性心理求助的态度上预测因素有所不同，面临心理问题的学生态度更偏重可行性。实际工作中应更多关注男性医学生，对出现的心理问题及时干预，引导学生采取合理的应对方式。
Objective： To examine the current condition of help-seeking attitude of medical college students and its related factors. Methods： Totally 714 medical college students （364 males and 350 females, aged 16 - 28） were selected by stratified random sampling. The Questionnaires for Mental Health Problems, Coping Mechanisms and Professional Help-SeekiNg Attitude （ Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale 42, DASS-42; Simple Coping Strategy Questionnaire, SCSQ; Inventory of Attitudes Toward Seeking Mental Health Services, IASMHS ） were anonymously administrated.Additionally, with the severity ranking of DASS-42, the students were divided into two groups, the group with mental health problems （ n = 102 ） and group without these problems （ n = 612 ） . The difference between the two groups on their professional help-seeking attitude and the related factors were compared. Results ： （ 1 ） Female students were more stressed than males [ （ 12. 1±6. 8 ） vs. （ 10. 8±7.0 ） , P 〈 0.05 ] in DASS-42. In IASMHS, female students got higher scores in total score of professional help-seeking attitude, psychological openness, and indifferent to social stigma than male students. On the other side, the group with mental health problems got higher scores in the total score of professional help-seeking attitude [ （41.8±9. 1 ） vs. （ 38.9±9.3 ）, P 〈 0. 01 ], and the two subscales, psychological propensity, and indifferent to social stigma. Group of students withont the mental health problems had higher scores of positive coping and lower scores of negative coping than those with mental health problems [ （ 7. 8±3.7 ） vs. （ 10. 0±4. 0 ） , P 〈 0. 01 ] . （ 2 ） For medical students without mental health problems, gender （β= 0. 179 ）, stress level （β = -0. 116 ）, negative coping {β = -0. 190） and positive coping （β= 0. 199） were related to professional help-seeking attitude, while for the students with mental health problems （Ps 〈0. 01 ） , the related factors were only positive coping （β=0. 277, P 〈 0.05 ） and family income （β = 0. 244, P 〈 0. 05 ） . Conclusion： Professional help-seeking attitude are closely related to gender, mental health problems and coping mechanisms. The group of students without mental health problems has more tendency to positive coping mechanisms, and have a relative higher level of professional help-seeking attitude. However, these factors are different in the groups with or without mental health problems. The students with the mental health problems will consider more from the practical aspects. In daily counseling, more attentions should be paid on male students. The conclusion also calls for instantly intervention of mental health problems and education on the coping mechanisms.
出处
《中国心理卫生杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第10期790-795,共6页
Chinese Mental Health Journal
关键词
心理健康
医学专业大学生
心理求助态度
横断面研究
mental health
medical college students
help-seeking attitude
cross-sectional studies
